ArticleEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2012
Respiratory viral infections during the 2009-2010 winter season in Central England, UK: incidence and patterns of multiple virus co-infections.
Article in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of respiratory syncytial virus in adults in the United Kingdom: A systematic literature review and gap analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Pooled it
- The burden of respiratory syncytial virus in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Pooled it
- Interference Between Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Rhinovirus Infection in Infancy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Trial
- Predicting the burden of co-infections in seasonally driven dynamics of pediatric rotavirus and norovirus.Infectious Disease Modelling · 2026Article
- Respiratory viral coinfections: interactions, mechanisms and clinical implications.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025Review
- Co-infections with Multiple Viruses: A Frequent cause of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Sarawak Malaysia.IJID regions · 2025Article
- Heat Shock Protein 70 in Cold-Stressed Farm Animals: Implications for Viral Disease Seasonality.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Dynamics of respiratory virus transmission in children during and after COVID-19 outbreak control in Baiyin, China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Influenza A virus interferes with respiratory syncytial virus in mice and reconstituted human airway epithelium.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- General practice antibiotic prescriptions attributable to respiratory syncytial virus by age and antibiotic class: an ecological analysis of the English population.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- The role of human rhinovirus in COPD exacerbations in Abu Dhabi: molecular epidemiology and clinical significance.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Respiratory Viral Coinfections: Insights into Epidemiology, Immune Response, Pathology, and Clinical Outcomes.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Prevalence of Influenza Viruses A and B, Adenovirus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Human Metapneumonia Viruses among Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection.Advances in virology · 2024Article
- Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the virus spectrum in children with respiratory infection in Xuzhou, China: a long-term active surveillance study from 2015 to 2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Prevalence and seasonality of viral respiratory infections in a temperate climate region: A 24-year study (1997-2020).Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Article
- Dual respiratory virus detection in adult patients with acute respiratory illness.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Association of temperature and relative humidity with the growth rate of the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Trends in Viral Respiratory Infections During COVID-19 Pandemic, South Korea.Emerging infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of respiratory viruses from 2012 to 2015 - A sentinel surveillance report from union territory of Puducherry, India.Clinical epidemiology and global health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute viral respiratory infections are the most common infections in humans. Co-infection with different respiratory viruses is well documented but not necessarily well understood. The aim of this study was to utilise laboratory data from the winter season following the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) outbreak to investigate rates of respiratory virus co-infections, virus prevalence in different age groups and temporal variations in virus detection. The Health Protection Agency Public Health Laboratory (HPA PHL) Birmingham, UK, routinely uses polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect common respiratory viruses. The results from specimens received for respiratory virus investigations from late September 2009 to April 2010 were analysed. A total of 4,821 specimen results were analysed. Of these, 323 (13.2 %) had co-detections of two viruses, 22 (0.9 %) had three viruses and four (0.2 %) had four viruses. Reciprocal patterns of positive or negative associations between different virus pairs were found. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of negative associations between influenza A and human metapneumovirus (HMPV), and influenza A and rhinovirus. Positive associations between parainfluenza with rhinovirus, rhinovirus with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and adenovirus with rhinovirus, parainfluenza and RSV were also significant. Age and temporal distributions of the different viruses were typical. This study found that the co-detection of different respiratory viruses is not random and most associations are reciprocal, either positively or negatively. The pandemic strain of influenza A(H1N1) was notable in that it was the least likely to be co-detected with another respiratory virus.
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