Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22678283›Full record

ArticleNature2012

Chemical genetic discovery of targets and anti-targets for cancer polypharmacology.

Arvin C Dar, Tirtha K Das, Kevan M Shokat, Ross L Cagan

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02363647 (Personalized Cancer Therapy for Patients With Metastatic Medullary Thyroid or Metastatic Colon Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 175 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
175citing papers in PubMed
15.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02363647 naterminatednot on this mapstarted 2015, after this paper: background citation

Personalized Cancer Therapy for Patients With Metastatic Medullary Thyroid or Metastatic Colon Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiRan2015 to 2022Enrolled10ConditionsMedullary Thyroid Cancer, Colon CancerArmsTumor Genomic Analysis
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

175 citing papers in PubMed, 347 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. An Unbiased Drug Screen in a Drosophila Model ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Targeting CDKs in the RNAPII transcription cycle.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  5. Biology · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Large Library Docking for Polypharmacology.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Modelling Cancer in Drosophila: Exploration to Personalised Medicine.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Review
  15. SVC112: From Hummingbirds to Head and Neck Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

115 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Arvin C DarHoward Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.
Tirtha K Das
Kevan M Shokat
Ross L Cagan
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Vascular endothelial cell integrins in angiogenesisP01CA081403 · NCI · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI SEEGER, ROBERT CHARLES · 2000 to 2014
$28.5M
Using chemical genetics to investigate mechanisms of anesthetic actionR01EB001987 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHOKAT, KEVAN M. · 2003 to 2012
$2.9M
A Drosophila Model for Src-Mediated OncogenesisR01CA109730 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAGAN, ROSS LEIGH · 2004 to 2013
$2.9M
A DROSOPHILA MODEL FOR MEN2B AND SPORADIC MTCR01CA084309 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAGAN, ROSS LEIGH · 2000 to 2009
$2.0M
Inhibitors of the G protein GNAS which drives pancreatic tumorigenesisR01CA244550 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHOKAT, KEVAN M. · 2020 to 2024
$2.0M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P01 CA081403NCI NIH HHS P01 CA081403-11NCI NIH HHS R01 CA084309NCI NIH HHS R01CA084309NCI NIH HHS R01 CA109730NCI NIH HHS R01CA109730NCI NIH HHS R01 CA244550NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB001987NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB001987
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The complexity of cancer has led to recent interest in polypharmacological approaches for developing kinase-inhibitor drugs; however, optimal kinase-inhibition profiles remain difficult to predict. Using a Ret-kinase-driven Drosophila model of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and kinome-wide drug profiling, here we identify that AD57 rescues oncogenic Ret-induced lethality, whereas related Ret inhibitors imparted reduced efficacy and enhanced toxicity. Drosophila genetics and compound profiling defined three pathways accounting for the mechanistic basis of efficacy and dose-limiting toxicity. Inhibition of Ret plus Raf, Src and S6K was required for optimal animal survival, whereas inhibition of the 'anti-target' Tor led to toxicity owing to release of negative feedback. Rational synthetic tailoring to eliminate Tor binding afforded AD80 and AD81, compounds featuring balanced pathway inhibition, improved efficacy and low toxicity in Drosophila and mammalian multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 models. Combining kinase-focused chemistry, kinome-wide profiling and Drosophila genetics provides a powerful systems pharmacology approach towards developing compounds with a maximal therapeutic index.

Indexed as

Molecular Targeted TherapyPolypharmacyAnimalsBenzenesulfonatesCell Transformation, NeoplasticDisease Models, AnimalDrosophila melanogasterDrosophila ProteinsDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesHeterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More RingsHumansMaleMultiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2bNiacinamideAD57 compoundAD80 compoundAD81 compoundBenzenesulfonatesDrosophila ProteinsExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesHeterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More RingsNiacinamidePhenylurea CompoundsProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-retPyridinesReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesRet protein, DrosophilaSorafenibsrc-Family Kinasestor protein, Drosophila

Identifiers

PMID22678283
PMCPMC3703503
OpenAlexW1972577475

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.