ArticleObstetrics and gynecology2012
Contraceptive failure rates of etonogestrel subdermal implants in overweight and obese women.
Article in Obstetrics and gynecology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Body Mass Index on Etonogestrel Levels in Women Using the Single-rod Contraceptive Implant
The Contraceptive Choice Project
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of the etonogestrel subdermal implant in users with overweight and obesity: a systematic literature review.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2025Pooled it
- Hormonal contraceptives for contraception in overweight or obese women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Long-acting reversible contraception with etonogestrel implants in female macaques (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Pregnancy Care for Patients With Super Morbid Obesity.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
- Contraception During Perimenopause: Practical Guidance.International journal of women's health · 2022Review
- What do I need to know about the etonogestrel-relesasing contraceptive implant (Nexplanon)?Paediatrics & child health · 2021Article
- Contraceptive Preference, Continuation Rates, and Unintended Pregnancies in Patients with Comorbidities: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2021Observational
- Safety and Benefits of Contraceptives Implants: A Systematic Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Contraceptive use among women through their later reproductive years: Findings from an Australian prospective cohort study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Determinants of long acting reversible contraception utilization in Northwest Ethiopia: An institution-based case control study.PloS one · 2020Article
- Article
- Long-Acting Reversible Contraception.The New England journal of medicine · 2017Review
- Use of the etonogestrel implant and levonorgestrel intrauterine device beyond the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved duration.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Observational
- The contraceptive CHOICE project round up: what we did and what we learned.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Article
- Obesity and contraception.Clinical obstetrics and gynecology · 2014Review
- Super obesity in pregnancy: difficulties in clinical management.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2014Review
- Obesity and hormonal contraceptive efficacy.Women's health (London, England) · 2013Review
- Meeting the Contraceptive Needs of a Community: Increasing Access to Long-Acting Reversible Contraception.Missouri medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the contraceptive failure rates of the etonogestrel subdermal contraceptive implant in overweight and obese women and compare failure rates with women of normal weight and women using intrauterine devices (IUDs).
methodsThe Contraceptive CHOICE Project is a large prospective cohort study designed to promote the use of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods to reduce unintended pregnancies in the St Louis region. Participants are provided reversible contraception of their choice at no cost. We collected baseline height and weight of each participant. During each survey, participants were asked about missed menses and possible pregnancies. Any participant who suspected a pregnancy was asked to come in for urine pregnancy testing. Analysis includes the first 8,445 participants enrolled in CHOICE of which 1,168 chose the implant and 4,200 chose the IUD. Student's t test, χ test, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to perform statistical analyses to estimate failure rates in overweight and obese women using the implant and IUDs.
resultsOf the women choosing the implant, 28% were overweight and 35% were obese. Of the women who chose an IUD, 27% were overweight and 35% were obese. The 3-year cumulative failure rates for implant and IUD users were less than one per 100 women-years and did not vary by body mass index.
conclusionWe found no decrease in the effectiveness of the implant in overweight or obese women. The implant may be offered as a first-line contraceptive method to any woman seeking a reversible and reliable birth control method.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.