ArticleJournal of inflammation (London, England)2012
Areca nut chewing and systemic inflammation: evidence of a common pathway for systemic diseases.
Article in Journal of inflammation (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- An evolutionary perspective on the use of betel nut and its effects on health outcomes.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2026Article
- Costimulatory Molecules OX40 and OX40L Upregulation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Blood-Based Study.European journal of dentistry · 2023Article
- Stromal inflammation, fibrosis and cancer: An old intuition with promising potential.World journal of clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Low-dose aspirin confers a survival benefit in patients with pathological advanced-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Betel Quid Health Risks of Insulin Resistance Diseases in Poor Young South Asian Native and Immigrant Populations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
- Article
- Areca nut chewing is associated with common mental disorders: a population-based study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2018Article
- Areca Nut Chewing and the Risk of Re-hospitalization and Mortality Among Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in Pakistan.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2018Article
- Article
- Betel quid use and mortality in Bangladesh: a cohort study.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2015Article
- An Unusual Case of Foreign Body Aspiration Masquerading as Pulmonary Eosinophilia.Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR · 2015Article
- Oral submucous fibrosis: an update.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2015Review
- Association of relatives of hemodialysis patients with metabolic syndrome, albuminuria and Framingham Risk Score.PloS one · 2014Article
- Effects of betel nut on cardiovascular risk factors in a rat model.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2012Article
- Decoding the link associated with areca nut chewing and cardiovascular disease using hsCRP as a biomarker.Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFPArticle
- Expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in oral submucous fibrosis: An immunohistochemical pilot study.Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFPArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAreca nut, the seed of fruit of an oriental palm, known as Areca catechu, is commonly chewed in many countries. Diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, oropharyngeal and oesophageal cancers have been associated with areca nut chewing and the mechanism by which areca nut chewing increases the risk of systemic diseases remains elusive. We hypothesize that systemic inflammation may be elevated among areca nut users, which is linked with many systemic diseases. Therefore, this present study was conducted to examine the systemic inflammation among areca nut chewers and healthy controls.
methodsThis was an observational cross sectional study carried out on areca nut chewers and healthy individuals in Karachi, Pakistan. Participants were selected from a region of the city by invitation request sent from door to door. Information was collected regarding the socio-demographic profile and the pattern of use, and a blood sample was obtained to measure the level of C-reactive protein (CRP). We carried out multiple logistic regressions to investigate the association between socio-demographic profile, areca nut chewing and CRP levels.
resultsWe carried out final analysis on 1112 individuals of which 556 were areca nut chewers and 556 were the age, gender and area matched controls. Areca nut chewers had a significantly higher proportion of men (15.1%, n = 84) who had an elevated CRP (>10 mg/dl) as compared to controls (5.2%, n = 29). Multivariate analyses showed that areca nut chewers had significantly higher odds of an elevated CRP (OR = 3.23, 95% CI 2.08-5.02, p value <0.001) as compared to controls. Increase in amount of areca nut consumption had a significant dose-response relationship with systemic inflammation (p for trend <0.001). Further analysis revealed that areca nut chewers with tobacco additives were two times more likely to have an elevated CRP as compared to raw areca nut users. These associations remained unchanged after adjustments for age, BMI and years of full time education.
conclusionsAreca nut chewing has a significant association with systemic inflammation. Further work is required to confirm that systemic inflammation is the main pathway by which areca nut use increases the risk of systemic diseases.
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