ArticleLipids in health and disease2012
Retinoic acid and liver X receptor agonist synergistically inhibit HIV infection in CD4+ T cells by up-regulating ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux.
Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Rectal Mucosal Myeloid Niche in HIV-1 Persistence: Reservoir Support, Viral Sequestration, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Viruses · 2026Review
- Tackling exosome and nuclear receptor interaction: an emerging paradigm in the treatment of chronic diseases.Military Medical Research · 2024Review
- Liver X Receptor-Inducible Host E3 Ligase IDOL Targets a Human Cytomegalovirus Reactivation Determinant.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- HECT, UBA and WWE domain containing 1 represses cholesterol efflux during CD4Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Pseudorabies Virus Inhibits Expression of Liver X Receptors to Assist Viral Infection.Viruses · 2022Article
- Immunologic Aspects of Dyslipidemia: a Critical Regulator of Adaptive Immunity and Immune Disorders.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2021Review
- Analysis of Low Molecular Weight Substances and Related Processes Influencing Cellular Cholesterol Efflux.Pharmaceutical medicine · 2019Review
- LXR Alpha Restricts Gammaherpesvirus Reactivation from Latently Infected Peritoneal Cells.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Article
- Impact of Dietary Cholesterol on the Pathophysiology of Infectious and Autoimmune Disease.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Cholesterol Metabolism in T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Alu repeats as transcriptional regulatory platforms in macrophage responses to M. tuberculosis infection.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- The LXR ligand GW3965 inhibits Newcastle disease virus infection by affecting cholesterol homeostasis.Archives of virology · 2016Article
- LZTFL1 Upregulated by All-Trans Retinoic Acid during CD4+ T Cell Activation Enhances IL-5 Production.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Plasma Membrane Profiling Reveals Upregulation of ABCA1 by Infected Macrophages Leading to Restriction of Mycobacterial Growth.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
- Efficient inhibition of infectious prions multiplication and release by targeting the exosomal pathway.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2015Article
- Stimulation of Liver X Receptor Has Potent Anti-HIV Effects in a Humanized Mouse Model of HIV Infection.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2015Article
- Impact of cholesterol on disease progression.BioMedicine · 2015Article
- HIV-1 protein Nef inhibits activity of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 by targeting endoplasmic reticulum chaperone calnexin.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
- New clues to understanding HIV nonprogressors: low cholesterol blocks HIV trans infection.mBio · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRetinoic acids regulate the reverse cholesterol transport by inducing the ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) dependent cholesterol efflux in macrophages, neuronal as well as intestine cells. In the present study, we aim to test the effect of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on ABCA1 expression in human CD4+ T cells and the involvement of cholesterol in ATRA mediated anti-HIV effect.
resultsTreatment with ATRA dramatically up-regulated ABCA1 expression in CD4+ T cells in a time and dose dependent manner. The expression of ABCA1 paralleled with increased ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux. This induction was dependent on T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and ATRA failed to induce ABCA1 expression in resting T cells. Moreover, ATRA and liver X receptor (LXR) agonist-TO-901317 together had synergistic effect on ABCA1 expression as well as cholesterol efflux. Increased ABCA1 expression was associated with lower cellular cholesterol staining. Cells treated with either ATRA or TO-901317 were less vulnerable to HIV-1 infection. Combination of retinoic acid and TO-901317 further inhibited HIV-1 entry and their inhibitory effects could be reversed by cholesterol replenishment.
methodsABCA1 RNA and protein were determined by real-time PCR and immuno blot methods in cells treated with ATRA. Cholesterol efflux rate was measured in cells treated with ATRA and TO-901317.
conclusionsATRA up-regulates ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in CD4+ T cells and combination of ATRA and liver X receptor (LXR) agonist further enhanced these effects. Increased cholesterol efflux contributed to reduced HIV-1 entry, suggesting that anti-HIV effect of ATRA is mediated through ABCA1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.