ArticlePloS one2012
Diarrhoea complicating severe acute malnutrition in Kenyan children: a prospective descriptive study of risk factors and outcome.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 85 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pharmacokinetics of Antimicrobials and Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistance Amongst Hospitalised Children With Severe Acute Malnutrition
First Line Antimicrobials in Children With Complicated Severe Acute Malnutrition
Safety Trial of F-60 Among Children Hospitalized With Severe Acute Malnutrition
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 206 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Etiology, Pathophysiology and Mortality of Shock in Children in Low (Middle) Income Countries: A Systematic Review.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of inpatient treatment outcomes of severe acute malnutrition and predictors of mortality among under-five children in Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Carbohydrate malabsorption in acutely malnourished children and infants: a systematic review.Nutrition reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Oral rehydration for severe malnutrition in children with moderate and severe dehydration (GASTROSAM): a phase 2, open-label, superiority randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2026Trial
- Intravenous Rehydration for Severe Acute Malnutrition with Gastroenteritis.The New England journal of medicine · 2025Trial
- Legume-supplemented feed for children hospitalised with severe malnutrition: a phase II trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Effects of probiotic and synbiotic supplementation on ponderal and linear growth in severely malnourished young infants in a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Predictors of recovery in children aged 6-59 months with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition: a multicentre study.Public health nutrition · 2021Trial
- Predicting the risk of mortality during hospitalization in sick severely malnourished children using daily evaluation of key clinical warning signs.BMC medicine · 2021Trial
- Effect of topical applications of sunflower seed oil on systemic fatty acid levels in under-two children under rehabilitation for severe acute malnutrition in Bangladesh: a randomized controlled trial.Nutrition journal · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Linear growth following complicated severe malnutrition: 1-year follow-up cohort of Kenyan children.Archives of disease in childhood · 2019Trial
- Hypoallergenic and anti-inflammatory feeds in children with complicated severe acute malnutrition: an open randomised controlled 3-arm intervention trial in Malawi.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- A reduced-carbohydrate and lactose-free formulation for stabilization among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2019Trial
- Predictors of mortality among hospitalized children with severe acute malnutrition: a prospective study from Uganda.Pediatric research · 2018Trial
- Effectiveness of three commonly used transition phase diets in the inpatient management of children with severe acute malnutrition: a pilot randomized controlled trial in Malawi.BMC pediatrics · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Gastrointestinal Tolerance and Refeeding Syndrome in Severely Malnourished Children Treated with Oral Nutrition Supplements Compared to F-75/F-100: A Hospital-Based Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition · 2026Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSevere acute malnutrition (SAM) accounts for two million deaths worldwide annually. In those hospitalised with SAM, concomitant infections and diarrhoea are frequent complications resulting in adverse outcome. We examined the clinical and laboratory features on admission and outcome of children with SAM and diarrhoea at a Kenyan district hospital.
methodsA 4-year prospective descriptive study involving 1,206 children aged 6 months to 12 years, hospitalized with SAM and managed in accordance with WHO guidelines. Data on clinical features, haematological, biochemical and microbiological findings for children with diarrhoea (≥ 3 watery stools/day) were systematically collected and analyzed to identify risk factors associated with poor outcome.
resultsAt admission 592 children (49%) had diarrhoea of which 122 (21%) died compared to 72/614 (12%) deaths in those without diarrhoea at admission (Χ(2) = 17.6 p<0.001). A further 187 (16%) children developed diarrhoea after 48 hours of admission and 33 died (18%). Any diarrhoea during admission resulted in a significantly higher mortality 161/852 (19%) than those uncomplicated by diarrhoea 33/351 (9%) (Χ(2) = 16.6 p<0.001). Features associated with a fatal outcome in children presenting with diarrhoea included bacteraemia, hyponatraemia, low mid-upper arm circumference <10 cm, hypoxia, hypokalaemia and oedema. Bacteraemia had the highest risk of death (adjusted OR 6.1; 95% C.I 2.3, 16.3 p<0.001); and complicated 24 (20%) of fatalities. Positive HIV antibody status was more frequent in cases with diarrhoea at admission (23%) than those without (15%, Χ(2) = 12.0 p = 0.001) but did not increase the risk of death in diarrhoea cases.
conclusionChildren with SAM complicated by diarrhoea had a higher risk of death than those who did not have diarrhoea during their hospital stay. Further operational and clinical research is needed to reduce mortality in children with SAM in the given setting.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.