ArticleJournal of biomedicine & biotechnology2012
The impact of Caesarean delivery on paracetamol and ketorolac pharmacokinetics: a paired analysis.
Article in Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pregnancy-Associated Changes in Pharmacokinetics: A Systematic Review.PLoS medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Enantiomer-specific ketorolac pharmacokinetics in young women, including pregnancy and postpartum period.Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences · 2017Trial
- Two Perioperative Ketorolac Dosing Regimens After Cesarean Delivery and Opioid Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial.O&G open · 2026Article
- Modelling Tools to Characterize Acetaminophen Pharmacokinetics in the Pregnant Population.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Integration of Placental Transfer in a Fetal-Maternal Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Characterize Acetaminophen Exposure and Metabolic Clearance in the Fetus.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2020Article
- The impact of pregnancy on urinary ketorolac metabolites after single intravenous bolus.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics is a first, but essential step to improve population-tailored postoperative analgesia, also after Caesarean delivery. We therefore aimed to quantify the impact of caesarean delivery on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous (iv) paracetamol (2 g, single dose) and iv ketorolac tromethamine (30 mg, single dose) in 2 cohorts eachof 8 women at caesarean delivery and to compare these findings with postpartum to quantify intrapatient changes. We documented a higher median paracetamol clearance at delivery when compared to 10-15 weeks postpartum (11.7 to 6.4 L/h·m², P < 0.01), even after correction for weight-related changes. Similar conclusions were drawn for ketorolac: median clearance was higher at delivery with a subsequent decrease (2.03 to 1.43 L/h·m², P < 0.05) in postpartum (17-23 weeks). These differences likely reflect pregnancy- and caesarean-delivery-related changes in drug disposition. Moreover, postpartum paracetamol clearance was significantly lower when compared to estimates published in healthy young volunteers (6.4 versus 9.6 L/h·m²), while this was not the case for ketorolac (1.43 versus 1.48 L/h·m²). This suggests that postpartum is another specific status in young women that merits focused, compound-specific pharmacokinetic evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.