ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2013
Racial differences in the relationship between tobacco, alcohol, and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Passive smoking and risk of head and neck cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025Pooled it
- Head and neck cancer risk factors in the French West Indies.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Risk factors for head and neck cancer in the World Trade Center Health Program General Responder Cohort: results from a nested case-control study.Occupational and environmental medicine · 2019Article
- Fish/shellfish intake and the risk of head and neck cancer.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2019Article
- Proinflammatory diet is associated with increased risk of squamous cell head and neck cancer.International journal of cancer · 2018Article
- Interaction between known risk factors for head and neck cancer and socioeconomic status: the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2018Article
- Racial differences in the relationship between tobacco, alcohol, and the risk of head and neck cancer: pooled analysis of US studies in the INHANCE Consortium.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2018Article
- LMFAO! Humor as a Response to Fear: Decomposing Fear Control within the Extended Parallel Process Model.Journal of broadcasting & electronic media · 2017Article
- Smokeless Tobacco Use and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: Pooled Analysis of US Studies in the INHANCE Consortium.American journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Racial differences in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas among non-Hispanic black and white males identified through the National Cancer Database (1998-2012).Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2016Article
- Active smoking and risk of Luminal and Basal-like breast cancer subtypes in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2016Article
- Article
- Are you Scared Yet?: Evaluating Fear Appeal Messages in Tweets about the Tips Campaign.The Journal of communication · 2014Article
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms in nucleotide excision repair genes, cancer treatment, and head and neck cancer survival.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2014Article
- Body mass index and risk of head and neck cancer by race: the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study.Annals of epidemiology · 2014Article
- Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in nucleotide excision repair genes, cigarette smoking, and the risk of head and neck cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2013Article
- Racial disparities in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) associated head and neck cancer.American journal of otolaryngologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTobacco and alcohol use are well-known risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), but there has been little examination of disparities in SCCHN and racial patterns of tobacco and alcohol use, especially for African-Americans. The Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Study, a population-based case-control study, was utilized to determine whether relationships between tobacco and alcohol use and SCCHN differed by race.
methodsUsing a rapid case ascertainment system, cases were recruited from 46 contiguous counties in North Carolina from 2002 to 2006. Controls, selected from motor vehicle records, were frequency-matched to cases on age, sex, and race. This analysis was based on 989 white and 351 African-American cases and 1,114 white and 264 African-American controls. Analyses were performed using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race, education, and fruit and vegetable consumption.
resultsThe association between SCCHN and ever tobacco use among African-Americans (odds ratio (OR), 9.68; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 4.70, 19.9) was much greater than that observed in whites (OR, 1.94; 95 % CI, 1.51, 2.50). Smaller differences were observed when examining ever alcohol use (African-Americans: OR, 3.71; CI, 1.65, 8.30, and Whites: OR, 1.31: CI 0.96, 1.78). African-Americans consistently had greater effect measure estimates when examining common levels of duration and intensity metrics of tobacco and alcohol use, both independently and jointly. No racial differences in the effects of environmental (passive) tobacco smoke were observed.
conclusionsThese findings suggest racial differences in SCCHN are not solely explained by differences in consumption patterns, and tobacco and alcohol may have greater impact in African-Americans.
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Registered trials
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