ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology2012
Hyperthermia increases interleukin-6 in mouse skeletal muscle.
Article in American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 84 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of exercise in cool versus hot conditions on pathways of gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and iron homeostasis in female athletes.Physiological reports · 2026Trial
- Short-Wave Diathermy Pretreatment and Inflammatory Myokine Response After High-Intensity Eccentric Exercise.Journal of athletic training · 2015Trial
- Repeated heat exposure upregulates skeletal muscle aquaporin-4 expression in male mice.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Heat Therapy: Targeting Health, Disease, and Disability.Comprehensive Physiology · 2026Review
- Vascular, inflammatory and perceptual responses to hot water immersion: Impacts of water depth and temperature in young healthy adults.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Prolonged Humid Heat Triggers Systemic Inflammation and Stress Signaling: Fluid Intake Modulates NF-κB, p38, JNK2, and STAT3α Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Differential intestinal injury and unchanged systemic inflammatory responses to leg and whole-body passive hyperthermia in healthy humans.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Facial cooling improves thermal perceptions and maintains the interleukin-6 response during passive heating: A sex comparison.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2025Article
- Hot water immersion is associated with higher thermal comfort than dry passive heating for a similar rise in rectal temperature and plasma interleukin-6 concentration.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Article
- Amino acid solution mitigates hypothermia response and intestinal damage following exertional heat stroke in male mice.Physiological reports · 2023Article
- Therapeutic hyperthermia for the treatment of infection-a narrative review.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Nobiletin enhances plasma Interleukin-6 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 levels that are increased by treadmill running.Food science & nutrition · 2022Article
- Two hours of heat stress induces MAP-kinase signaling and autophagasome accumulation in C2C12 myotubes.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Article
- The Effect of Acute and Chronic Thermotherapy on Type 2 Diabetic Skeletal Muscle Gene Expression and Inflammatory Markers.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Molecular and morphometric changes in the small intestine during hot and cold exposure in thermally manipulated broiler chickens.Veterinary world · 2021Article
- Acute phase response to exertional heat stroke in mice.Experimental physiology · 2021Article
- Enhanced intestinal permeability and intestinal co-morbidities in heat strain: A review and case for autodigestion.Temperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2021Review
- Attenuation of core temperature elevation and interleukin-6 excretion during head-out hot water immersion in elderly people.Journal of physical therapy science · 2020Article
- A randomized phase II trial of best supportive care with or without hyperthermia and vitamin C for heavily pretreated, advanced, refractory non-small-cell lung cancer.Journal of advanced research · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Skeletal muscles produce and contribute to circulating levels of IL-6 during exercise. However, when core temperature is reduced, the response is attenuated. Therefore, we hypothesized that hyperthermia may be an important and independent stimulus for muscle IL-6. In cultured C2C12 myotubes, hyperthermia (42°C) increased IL-6 gene expression 14-fold after 1 h and 35-fold after 5 h of 37°C recovery; whereas exposure to 41°C resulted in a 2.6-fold elevation at 1 h. IL-6 protein was secreted and significantly elevated in the cell supernatant. Similar but reduced responses to heat were seen in C2C12 myoblasts. Isolated soleus muscles from mice, exposed ex vivo to 41°C for 1 h, yielded similar IL-6 gene responses (>3-fold) but without a significant effect on protein release. When whole animals were exposed to passive hyperthermia, such that core temperature increased to 42.4°C, IL-6 mRNA in soleus increased 5.4-fold compared with time matched controls. Interestingly, TNF-α gene expression was routinely suppressed at all levels of hyperthermia (40.5-42°C) in the isolated models, but TNF-α was elevated (4.2-fold) in the soleus taken from intact mice exposed, in vivo, to hyperthermia. Muscle HSP72 mRNA increased as a function of the level of hyperthermia, and IL-6 mRNA responses increased proportionally with HSP72. In cultured C2C12 myotubes, when heat shock factor was pharmacologically blocked with KNK437, both HSP72 and IL-6 mRNA elevations, induced by heat, were suppressed. These findings implicate skeletal muscle as a "heat stress sensor" at physiologically relevant hyperthermia, responding with a programmed cytokine expression pattern characterized by elevated IL-6.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.