ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2012
Construction of a traditional Chinese medicine syndrome-specific outcome measure: the Kidney Deficiency Syndrome Questionnaire (KDSQ).
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Key elements for screening kidney deficiency pattern in Traditional Chinese and Korean Medicine: a systematic review and Delphi study.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2025Pooled it
- Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation-kidney deficiency syndrome (KDS) for women during pregnancy: Delphi expert consensus on a self-reported KDS symptoms scale followed by psychometric properties evaluation.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026Article
- Risk of subsequently developing lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with plantar fasciitis: A nationwide, population-based study.Medicine · 2025Observational
- Psychometric Validation of the Dampness Syndrome Scale of Chinese Medicine for People in China.Patient preference and adherence · 2024Article
- Study on the Potential Mechanism of Tonifying Kidney and Removing Dampness Formula in the Treatment of Postmenopausal Dyslipidemia Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and Experimental Evidence.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of the Coronary Heart Disease Damp Phlegm and Blood Stasis Pattern Questionnaire: Results from a Multicenter Clinical Trial.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Identifying Chinese Medicine Patterns of Tension-Type Headache and Understanding Its Subgroups.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2021Article
- Whole Systems Research Methods in Health Care: A Scoping Review.Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) · 2019Article
- Development of a Diagnostic Questionnaire for Damp Phlegm Pattern and Blood Stasis Pattern in Coronary Heart Disease Patients (CHD-DPBSPQ).Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2019Article
- Development of a Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome-Specific Scale for Ulcerative Colitis: The Large Intestine Dampness-Heat Syndrome Questionnaire.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2018Article
- Study on the Single Dose Toxicity of ShinEumHur Pharmacopuncture Injected into the Muscles of Rats.Journal of pharmacopuncture · 2016Article
- Influence of Biomedical Factors on the Five Viscera Score (FVS) on Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals: Application of Structural Equation Modeling.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2015Article
- Traditional East Asian medicine: how to understand and approach diagnostic findings and patterns in a modern scientific framework?Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2014Article
- Article
- Clinical research of traditional chinese medicine needs to develop its own system of core outcome sets.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2013Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDevelopment of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome-specific outcome measures is needed for the evaluation of TCM syndrome-specific therapies. We constructed a Kidney Deficiency Syndrome Questionnaire (KDSQ) for the evaluation of the common TCM syndromes Kidney-Yin Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yin) and Kidney-Yang Deficiency Syndrome (KDS-Yang) in middle-aged women with menopausal symptoms.
methodsKDS-Yin and KDS-Yang were traditionally defined by expert opinion were validated by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Content validity was tested by EFA on a sample of 236 women from a seminar and SEM on another sample of 321 women from a postal survey. Other psychometric properties were tested on 292 women from the seminar at baseline and two systematically selected sub-samples: 54 who reported no changes in discomforts 11-12 days after the baseline and 31 who reported changes in discomforts 67-74 days after the baseline. All participants completed the KDSQ, the Greene Climacteric Scale and the standard 12-item Short Form Health Survey.
resultsThe EFA and SEM established the measurement models of KDS-Yin and KDS-Yang supporting content validity of the KDSQ. Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's Alpha >0.70). Construct validity was supported by theoretically-derived levels of correlation with the established external measures. Test-retest reliability was strong (ICC(agreement): KDS-Yin, 0.94; KDS-Yang, 0.93). The KDSQ was responsive to changes over time as tested by effect size and longitudinal validity.
conclusionsThe KDSQ was a valid and reliable measure for KDS-Yin and KDS-Yang in Hong Kong Chinese middle-aged women with menopausal symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.