ArticleVirus genes2012
Diversifying evolution of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in Egypt from 2006 to 2011.
Article in Virus genes, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Farm biosecurity practices affecting avian influenza virus circulation in commercial chicken farms in Bangladesh.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- The role of vaccination and environmental factors on outbreaks of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 in Bangladesh.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Vaccination and Antiviral Treatment against Avian Influenza H5Nx Viruses: A Harbinger of Virus Control or Evolution.Vaccines · 2023Review
- A quantitative risk assessment to evaluate the efficacy of mitigation strategies to reduce highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, subtype H5N1 (HPAI H5N1) in the Menoufia governorate, Egypt.BMC veterinary research · 2021Article
- H5 Influenza Viruses in Egypt.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2021Review
- Pathological and Molecular Characterization of H5 Avian Influenza Virus in Poultry Flocks from Egypt over a Ten-Year Period (2009-2019).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Efficacy of commercial vaccines against newly emerging avian influenza H5N8 virus in Egypt.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Challenge for One Health: Co-Circulation of Zoonotic H5N1 and H9N2 Avian Influenza Viruses in Egypt.Viruses · 2018Review
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- Isolation and genetic characterization of a novel 2.2.1.2a H5N1 virus from a vaccinated meat-turkeys flock in Egypt.Virology journal · 2017Article
- Risk assessment of recent Egyptian H5N1 influenza viruses.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Epidemiology, ecology and gene pool of influenza A virus in Egypt: will Egypt be the epicentre of the next influenza pandemic?Virulence · 2015Review
- Global spatiotemporal and genetic footprint of the H5N1 avian influenza virus.International journal of health geographics · 2014Article
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- Surveillance on A/H5N1 virus in domestic poultry and wild birds in Egypt.Virology journal · 2013Article
- Isolation of avian influenza H5N1 virus from vaccinated commercial layer flock in Egypt.Virology journal · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An evolutionary analysis was conducted of 354 hemagglutinin (HA) and 208 neuraminidase (NA) genes, including newly generated sequences of 5 HA and 30 NA, of Egyptian H5N1 clade 2.2.1 viruses isolated from poultry and humans. Five distinct phylogenetically distinguishable clusters arose from a monophyletic origin since 2006. Only two clusters remained in circulation after 2009: (i) A cluster of viruses arose in 2007 in industrial-vaccinated chickens and carried multiple mutations in or adjacent to the immunogenic epitopes of the HA. Viruses within this cluster evolved with significantly elevated mutation rates indicating persisting selective pressures, e.g. to escape host immunity and (ii) The second group arose in 2008 and harboured strains from recent human infections featuring a conspicuous deletion in the HA receptor-binding domain and substitutions close to the highly conserved active site of the NA. In both sublineages, a number of positively selected amino acids, different glycosylation patterns and variations in the polybasic proteolytic cleavage site were observed. Continuous monitoring of the evolving H5N1 virus in Egypt is essential to develop new control campaigns in poultry and human population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.