ArticlePloS one2012
MALDI-TOF MS enables the rapid identification of the major molecular types within the Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complex.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accuracy of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry for identification of clinical pathogenic fungi: a meta-analysis.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Pooled it
- Comparison of Bruker Biotyper Sirius, VITEK MS PRIME, and ASTA MicroIDSys MALDI-TOF MS Systems forAnnals of laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Cryptococcosis Among Individuals Without HIV Infection: An Observational International Multicenter Study (MSG-11).Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Insights from Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics onJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Comparative evaluation of sensititre YeastOne and VITEK2 antifungal susceptibility tests with CLSI broth microdilution method of clinicalMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Genotypic Diversity and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Cryptococcus Gattii Species Complex from Argentina.Mycopathologia · 2023Article
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- What's New inJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Cryptococcus gattii species complex: Unique pathogenic yeasts with understudied virulence mechanisms.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Review
- Pulmonary Cryptococcosis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Phylogenomic Placement of American Southwest-Associated Clinical and Veterinary Isolates Expands Evidence for DistinctMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Challenges in Serologic Diagnostics of Neglected Human Systemic Mycoses: An Overview on Characterization of New Targets.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Development of a Real-Time PCR Assay to Identify and Distinguish betweenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial Resistance, Pathogenic, and Molecular Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular Typing, Antibiotic Resistance and Enterotoxin Gene Profiles ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- A New Filter Based Cultivation Approach for Improving Aspergillus Identification using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).Mycopathologia · 2022Article
- Article
- Fungal taxonomy and sequence-based nomenclature.Nature microbiology · 2021Review
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- An analysis of the population of Cryptococcus neoformans strains isolated from animals in Poland, in the years 2015-2019.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Cryptococcus neoformans/C. gattii species complex comprises two sibling species that are divided into eight major molecular types, C. neoformans VNI to VNIV and C. gattii VGI to VGIV. These genotypes differ in host range, epidemiology, virulence, antifungal susceptibility and geographic distribution. The currently used phenotypic and molecular identification methods for the species/molecular types are time consuming and expensive. As Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) offers an effective alternative for the rapid identification of microorganisms, the objective of this study was to examine its potential for the identification of C. neoformans and C. gattii strains at the intra- and inter-species level. METHODOLOGY: Protein extracts obtained via the formic acid extraction method of 164 C. neoformans/C. gattii isolates, including four inter-species hybrids, were studied.
resultsThe obtained mass spectra correctly identified 100% of all studied isolates, grouped each isolate according to the currently recognized species, C. neoformans and C. gattii, and detected potential hybrids. In addition, all isolates were clearly separated according to their major molecular type, generating greater spectral differences among the C. neoformans molecular types than the C. gattii molecular types, most likely reflecting a closer phylogenetic relationship between the latter. The number of colonies used and the incubation length did not affect the results. No spectra were obtained from intact yeast cells. An extended validated spectral library containing spectra of all eight major molecular types was established.
conclusionsMALDI-TOF MS is a rapid identification tool for the correct recognition of the two currently recognized human pathogenic Cryptococcus species and offers a simple method for the separation of the eight major molecular types and the detection of hybrid strains within this species complex in the clinical laboratory. The obtained mass spectra provide further evidence that the major molecular types warrant variety or even species status.
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