ArticlePlant physiology2012
Xyloglucan xylosyltransferases XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5 and the glucan synthase CSLC4 form Golgi-localized multiprotein complexes.
Article in Plant physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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41 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xyloglucan xylosyltransferase stem region mediates heterodimer formation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Interaction with COPII Member SAR1 Is Critical for the Delivery ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Glucomannan engineering highlights roles of galactosyl modification in fine-tuning cellulose-glucomannan interaction in Arabidopsis cell walls.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Multiprotein Complexes of Plant Glycosyltransferases Involved in Their Function and Trafficking.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Heterogeneity in Mechanical Properties of Plant Cell Walls.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Daily glycome and transcriptome profiling reveals polysaccharide structures and correlated glycosyltransferases critical for cotton fiber growth.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Dynamics of pectic homogalacturonan in cellular morphogenesis and adhesion, wall integrity sensing and plant development.Nature plants · 2022Review
- Critical Determinants in ER-Golgi Trafficking of Enzymes Involved in Glycosylation.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Article
- Xyloglucan Biosynthesis: From Genes to Proteins and Their Functions.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- β-1,4-Xylan backbone synthesis in higher plants: How complex can it be?Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Whole Exome Sequencing-Based Identification of a Novel Gene Involved in Root Hair Development in Barley (International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Polysaccharide Biosynthesis: Glycosyltransferases and Their Complexes.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Biochemical and Functional Characterization of GALT8, anFrontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- The synthesis of xyloglucan, an abundant plant cell wall polysaccharide, requires CSLC function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Plant cell wall integrity maintenance in model plants and crop species-relevant cell wall components and underlying guiding principles.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2020Review
- Three Decades of Advances in Arabinogalactan-Protein Biosynthesis.Frontiers in plant science · 2020Review
- Identification, classification, and evolution of putative xylosyltransferases from algae.Protoplasma · 2019Article
- A Hybrid Approach Enabling Large-Scale Glycomic Analysis of Post-Golgi Vesicles Reveals a Transport Route for Polysaccharides.The Plant cell · 2019Article
- Xylan in the Middle: Understanding Xylan Biosynthesis and Its Metabolic Dependencies Toward Improving Wood Fiber for Industrial Processing.Frontiers in plant science · 2019Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Xyloglucan is the major hemicellulosic polysaccharide in the primary cell walls of most vascular dicotyledonous plants and has important structural and physiological functions in plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the 1,4-β-glucan synthase, Cellulose Synthase-Like C4 (CSLC4), and three xylosyltransferases, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5, act in the Golgi to form the xylosylated glucan backbone during xyloglucan biosynthesis. However, the functional organization of these enzymes in the Golgi membrane is currently unknown. In this study, we used bimolecular fluorescence complementation and in vitro pull-down assays to investigate the supramolecular organization of the CSLC4, XXT1, XXT2, and XXT5 proteins in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Quantification of bimolecular fluorescence complementation fluorescence by flow cytometry allowed us to perform competition assays that demonstrated the high probability of protein-protein complex formation in vivo and revealed differences in the abilities of these proteins to form multiprotein complexes. Results of in vitro pull-down assays using recombinant proteins confirmed that the physical interactions among XXTs occur through their catalytic domains. Additionally, coimmunoprecipitation of XXT2YFP and XXT5HA proteins from Arabidopsis protoplasts indicated that while the formation of the XXT2-XXT2 homocomplex involves disulfide bonds, the formation of the XXT2-XXT5 heterocomplex does not involve covalent interactions. The combined data allow us to propose that the proteins involved in xyloglucan biosynthesis function in a multiprotein complex composed of at least two homocomplexes, CSLC4-CSLC4 and XXT2-XXT2, and three heterocomplexes, XXT2-XXT5, XXT1-XXT2, and XXT5-CSLC4.
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