ReviewDigestive diseases and sciences2012
Non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis: a review.
Review in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Austrian consensus guidelines on the management and treatment of portal hypertension (Billroth III).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2017Guideline
- Article
- Spur Cell Anemia: Wolf in Disguise!Indian journal of hematology & blood transfusion : an official journal of Indian Society of Hematology and Blood Transfusion · 2025Article
- Treatment of Hemorrhoidal Disease in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review.GE Portuguese journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Predictors of Non-Variceal Hemorrhage in a National Cohort of Patients With Chronic Liver Disease.Journal of hematology · 2024Article
- The Clinical Courses and Prognosis of Cirrhotic Patients after First Acute Decompensation: Prospective Cohort Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Predicting mortality in patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding using machine-learning.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Different risks of hemorrhage in patients with elevated international normalized ratio from chronic liver disease versus warfarin therapy, a population-based retrospective cohort study.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2022Article
- Endoscopic management and outcome of non-variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis: A systematic review.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2022Article
- CD62P (P-selectin) expression as a platelet activation marker in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without cholestasis.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2021Article
- High Rate of Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients with Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis in Critically Ill Patients (SC-CIP).Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Thrombocytopenia and Hemostatic Changes in Acute and Chronic Liver Disease: Pathophysiology, Clinical and Laboratory Features, and Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Spur cell anemia related to alcoholic liver cirrhosis managed without liver transplantation: a case report and literature review.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2020Review
- Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Cirrhosis-Etiology and Outcomes.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2020Article
- Gallbladder perforation without cholecystitis in a patient awaiting liver transplantation: a peculiar case report of anaemia in cirrhosis.BMC gastroenterology · 2019Article
- Comparison of various prognostic scores in variceal and non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A prospective cohort study.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2019Article
- The Usefulness of New-Generation Capsule Endoscopy in Patients with Portal Hypertensive Enteropathy.Clinical endoscopy · 2018Article
- Platelet Count Does Not Predict Bleeding in Cirrhotic Patients: Results from the PRO-LIVER Study.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2018Article
- Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage after Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Single-Center Cohort Study.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Should patients presenting with peptic ulcer bleed be screened to rule out cirrhosis of the liver?Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-variceal gastrointestinal (NVGI) bleeding in cirrhosis may be associated with life-threatening complications similar to variceal bleeding.
aimTo review NVGI bleeding in cirrhosis.
methodsMEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched, using the textwords "portal hypertensive gastropathy," "gastric vascular ectasia," "peptic ulcer," "Dieulafoy's," "Mallory-Weiss syndrome," "portal hypertensive enteropathy," "portal hypertensive colopathy," "hemorrhoids," and "cirrhosis."
resultsPortal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and gastric vascular ectasia (GVE) are gastric lesions that most commonly present as chronic anemia; acute upper GI (UGI) bleeding is a rare manifestation. Management of PHG-related bleeding is mainly pharmacological, whereas endoscopic intervention is favored in GVE-related bleeding. Shunt therapies or more invasive techniques are restricted in refractory cases. Despite its high incidence in cirrhotic patients, peptic ulcer accounts for a relatively small proportion of UGI bleeding in this patient population. However, in contrary to general population, the pathogenetic role of Helicobacter pylori infection remains questionable. Finally, other causes of UGI bleeding include Dieulafoy's lesion, Mallory-Weiss syndrome, and portal hypertensive enteropathy. The most common non-variceal endoscopic findings reported in patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding are portal hypertensive colopathy and hemorrhoids. However, the vast majority of studies are case reports and, therefore, the incidence, diagnosis, and risk of bleeding remain undefined. Endoscopic interventions, shunting procedures, and surgical techniques have been described in this setting.
conclusionsThe data on NVGI bleeding in liver cirrhosis are surprisingly scanty. Large, multicenter epidemiological studies are needed to better assess prevalence and incidence and, most importantly, randomized studies should be performed to evaluate the success rates of therapeutic algorithms.
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