Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22660327›Full record

ArticleNature2012

Genetic recombination is directed away from functional genomic elements in mice.

Kevin Brick, Fatima Smagulova, Pavel Khil, R Daniel Camerini-Otero, Galina V Petukhova

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 273 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
273citing papers in PubMed
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

273 citing papers in PubMed, 448 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Controlling Meiotic Double-Strand Break Formation in Mice: A Web of Multivalent Protein-Protein Interactions.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. On the origin of PRDM9-guided recombination hotspots.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Why recombination hotspots?PLoS genetics · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Fine-scale recombination rates inferred using the canFam4 assembly are strongly correlated with previous maps of dog recombination.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Dynamic changes in histone lysine lactylation during meiosis prophase I in mouse spermatogenesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

213 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Kevin BrickNational Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Fatima Smagulova
Pavel Khil
R Daniel Camerini-Otero
Galina V Petukhova
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases · USUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · US

Funding

What determines the location of meiotic crossovers in the mammalian genome?ZIADK052034 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI CAMERINI-OTERO, RAFAEL · 2009 to 2025
$29.8M
Molecular Mechanisms of Genetic Recombination in MammalsR01GM084104 · NIGMS · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · PI PETUKHOVA, GALINA · 2009 to 2016
$1.6M
Intramural NIH HHSNIGMS NIH HHS 1R01GM084104-01A1NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM084104
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis, the key developmental programme of gametogenesis. Recombination in mammals has been recently linked to the activity of a histone H3 methyltransferase, PR domain containing 9 (PRDM9), the product of the only known speciation-associated gene in mammals. PRDM9 is thought to determine the preferred recombination sites--recombination hotspots--through sequence-specific binding of its highly polymorphic multi-Zn-finger domain. Nevertheless, Prdm9 knockout mice are proficient at initiating recombination. Here we map and analyse the genome-wide distribution of recombination initiation sites in Prdm9 knockout mice and in two mouse strains with different Prdm9 alleles and their F(1) hybrid. We show that PRDM9 determines the positions of practically all hotspots in the mouse genome, with the exception of the pseudo-autosomal region (PAR)--the only area of the genome that undergoes recombination in 100% of cells. Surprisingly, hotspots are still observed in Prdm9 knockout mice, and as in wild type, these hotspots are found at H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) trimethylation marks. However, in the absence of PRDM9, most recombination is initiated at promoters and at other sites of PRDM9-independent H3K4 trimethylation. Such sites are rarely targeted in wild-type mice, indicating an unexpected role of the PRDM9 protein in sequestering the recombination machinery away from gene-promoter regions and other functional genomic elements.

Indexed as

DNA Breaks, Double-StrandedAllelesAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsBase SequenceGenomeHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHistonesMeiosisMethylationMiceMice, KnockoutMolecular Sequence DataPromoter Regions, GeneticRecombination, GeneticHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHistonesprdm9 protein, mouse

Identifiers

PMID22660327
PMCPMC3367396
OpenAlexW2024459631

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.