ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2012
Viruses in nondisinfected drinking water from municipal wells and community incidence of acute gastrointestinal illness.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The complex association between drinking water consumption and endemic gastrointestinal illness as shown by Swedish cohort studies.Journal of water and health · 2024Article
- Review
- Wastewater contaminants in a fractured bedrock aquifer and their potential use as enteric virus indicators.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Study design and methods of the Wells and Enteric disease Transmission (WET) Trial: a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Virus inactivation by sequential ultraviolet-chlorine disinfection: Synergistic effect and mechanism.Chemosphere · 2023Article
- Statewide Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Waterborne Viruses, Bacteria, and Protozoa in Public Water Supply Wells in Minnesota.Environmental science & technology · 2022Article
- Recovery of Nucleic Acids of Enteric Viruses and Host-SpecificApplied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Occurrence of male-specific and somatic coliphages and relationship with rainfall in privately-owned wells from peri‑urban and rural households.Water research X · 2021Article
- Sewage Systems Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2: Identification of Knowledge Gaps, Emerging Threats, and Future Research Needs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Investigating awareness, fear and control associated with norovirus and other pathogens and pollutants using best-worst scaling.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Private Wells and Rural Health: Groundwater Contaminants of Emerging Concern.Current environmental health reports · 2020Review
- Article
- Automated Time Series Measurement of Microbial Concentrations in Groundwater-Derived Water Supplies.Ground water · 2019Article
- High levels of sewage contamination released from urban areas after storm events: A quantitative survey with sewage specific bacterial indicators.PLoS medicine · 2018Article
- Estimating virus occurrence using Bayesian modeling in multiple drinking water systems of the United States.The Science of the total environment · 2018Article
- Resistance of Echovirus 11 to ClOEnvironmental science & technology · 2017Article
- Human virus and microbial indicator occurrence in public-supply groundwater systems: meta-analysis of 12 international studies.Hydrogeology journal · 2017Article
- Hydrologic, land cover, and seasonal patterns of waterborne pathogens in Great Lakes tributaries.Water research · 2017Article
- Exposure to Contaminated Drinking Water and Health Disparities in North Carolina.American journal of public health · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGroundwater supplies for drinking water are frequently contaminated with low levels of human enteric virus genomes, yet evidence for waterborne disease transmission is lacking.
objectivesWe related quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-measured enteric viruses in the tap water of 14 Wisconsin communities supplied by nondisinfected groundwater to acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) incidence.
methodsAGI incidence was estimated from health diaries completed weekly by households within each study community during four 12-week periods. Water samples were collected monthly from five to eight households per community. Viruses were measured by qPCR, and infectivity assessed by cell culture. AGI incidence was related to virus measures using Poisson regression with random effects.
resultsCommunities and time periods with the highest virus measures had correspondingly high AGI incidence. This association was particularly strong for norovirus genogroup I (NoV-GI) and between adult AGI and enteroviruses when echovirus serotypes predominated. At mean concentrations of 1 and 0.8 genomic copies/L of NoV-GI and enteroviruses, respectively, the AGI incidence rate ratios (i.e., relative risk) increased by 30%. Adenoviruses were common, but tap-water concentrations were low and not positively associated with AGI. The estimated fraction of AGI attributable to tap-water-borne viruses was between 6% and 22%, depending on the virus exposure-AGI incidence model selected, and could have been as high as 63% among children < 5 years of age during the period when NoV-GI was abundant in drinking water.
conclusionsThe majority of groundwater-source public water systems in the United States produce water without disinfection, and our findings suggest that populations served by such systems may be exposed to waterborne viruses and consequent health risks.
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