ArticleJournal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials2012
Transient exposure to TGF-β3 improves the functional chondrogenesis of MSC-laden hyaluronic acid hydrogels.
Article in Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair and regeneration: a systematic review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2017Pooled it
- Chondrogenic niche hydrogel microspheres facilitate cartilage regeneration in osteoarthritis.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal progenitors from somatic and cartilage-derived iPSCs is predicted by their transcriptomic signatures.Genes & diseases · 2026Article
- The osteochondral regeneration paradox: why biomimetic scaffolds are biologically superior but injectable systems dominate the clinic.RSC advances · 2026Review
- A latent TGF-β conjugated scaffold improves neocartilage development.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- Physiologic Doses of Transforming Growth Factor-β Improve the Composition of Engineered Articular Cartilage.Tissue engineering. Part A · 2025Article
- Autoinduction-Based Quantification ofTissue engineering. Part C, Methods · 2024Article
- A Systems Approach to Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Biotransport.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2024Article
- Injectable MSC Spheroid and Microgel Granular Composites for Engineering Tissue.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Developmental morphogens direct human induced pluripotent stem cells toward an annulus fibrosus-like cell phenotype.JOR spine · 2024Article
- Comparison of multiple synthetic chondroinductive factors in pellet culture against a TGF-β positive control.Osteoarthritis and cartilage open · 2023Article
- Scaffolds containing GAG-mimetic cellulose sulfate promote TGF-β interaction and MSC Chondrogenesis over native GAGs.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2023Article
- Article
- Evaluation of surgical fixation methods for the implantation of melt electrowriting-reinforced hyaluronic acid hydrogel composites in porcine cartilage defects.International journal of bioprinting · 2023Article
- Electrically Conductive Hydrogels for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage for biological joint resurfacing-The 2021 Elizabeth Winston Lanier Kappa Delta Award.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2022Article
- Fabrication of MSC-laden composites of hyaluronic acid hydrogels reinforced with MEW scaffolds for cartilage repair.Biofabrication · 2021Article
- Mechanotransducive Biomimetic Systems for Chondrogenic Differentiation In Vitro.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- The porcine accessory carpal bone as a model for biologic joint replacement for trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Article
- Nanofibrous hyaluronic acid scaffolds delivering TGF-β3 and SDF-1α for articular cartilage repair in a large animal model.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tissue engineering with adult stem cells is a promising approach for the restoration of focal defects in articular cartilage. For this, progenitor cells would ideally be delivered to (and maintained within) the defect site via a biocompatible material and in combination with soluble factors to promote initial cell differentiation and subsequent tissue maturation in vivo. While growth factor delivery methods are continually being optimized, most offer only a short (days to weeks) delivery profile at high doses. To address this issue, we investigated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation and maturation in photocrosslinkable hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels with transient exposure to the pro-chondrogenic molecule transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3), at varying doses (10, 50 and 100 ng/mL) and durations (3, 7, 21 and 63 days). Mechanical, biochemical, and histological outcomes were evaluated through 9 weeks of culture. Results showed that a brief exposure (7 days) to a very high level (100 ng/mL) of TGF-β3 was sufficient to both induce and maintain cartilage formation in these 3D constructs. Indeed, this short delivery resulted in constructs with mechanical and biochemical properties that exceeded that of continuous exposure to a lower level (10 ng/mL) of TGF-β3 over the entire 9-week time course. Of important note, the total TGF delivery in these two scenarios was roughly equivalent (200 vs. 180 ng), but the timing of delivery differed markedly. These data support the idea that acute exposure to a high dose of TGF will induce functional and long-term differentiation of stem cell populations, and further our efforts to improve cartilage repair in vivo.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.