ArticleBMC microbiology2012
Molecular method for the characterization of Coxiella burnetii from clinical and environmental samples: variability of genotypes in Spain.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Wild Boar and Red Deer as Key Players in Coxiella Burnetii Circulation in the Wildlife-Livestock-Human Interface: Serological Analysis Using a Gaussian Mixture Model.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- The Many Faces of Sporadic Acute Q Fever, Gran Canaria: Canary Islands (Spain) (1998-2024).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Environmental risk factors of human Q fever in Spain.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Mechanisms of Human Q Fever: Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Seroepidemiology ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Molecular detection of Coxiella-like endosymbionts and absence of Coxiella burnetii in Amblyomma mixtum from Veracruz, Mexico.Experimental & applied acarology · 2022Article
- Review
- Investigating the Role of Micromammals in the Ecology ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Coxiella burnetii is widespread in ticks (Ixodidae) in the Xinjiang areas of China.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Phylogeography of Human and AnimalFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2017Review
- Coxiella burnetii Genotypes in Iberian Wildlife.Microbial ecology · 2016Article
- Host and Environmental Factors Modulate the Exposure of Free-Ranging and Farmed Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) to Coxiella burnetii.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2015Article
- Coxiella burnetii - Pathogenic Agent of Q (Query) Fever.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2014Article
- Coxiella burnetii associated reproductive disorders in domestic animals--a critical review.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2013Review
- Microevolution of the chromosomal region of acute disease antigen A (adaA) in the query (Q) fever agent Coxiella burnetii.PloS one · 2013Article
- Genotyping of Coxiella burnetii from domestic ruminants in northern Spain.BMC veterinary research · 2012Article
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Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCoxiella burnetii is a highly clonal microorganism which is difficult to culture, requiring BSL3 conditions for its propagation. This leads to a scarce availability of isolates worldwide. On the other hand, published methods of characterization have delineated up to 8 different genomic groups and 36 genotypes. However, all these methodologies, with the exception of one that exhibited limited discriminatory power (3 genotypes), rely on performing between 10 and 20 PCR amplifications or sequencing long fragments of DNA, which make their direct application to clinical samples impracticable and leads to a scarce accessibility of data on the circulation of C. burnetii genotypes.
resultsTo assess the variability of this organism in Spain, we have developed a novel method that consists of a multiplex (8 targets) PCR and hybridization with specific probes that reproduce the previous classification of this organism into 8 genomic groups, and up to 16 genotypes. It allows for a direct characterization from clinical and environmental samples in a single run, which will help in the study of the different genotypes circulating in wild and domestic cycles as well as from sporadic human cases and outbreaks. The method has been validated with reference isolates. A high variability of C. burnetii has been found in Spain among 90 samples tested, detecting 10 different genotypes, being those adaA negative associated with acute Q fever cases presenting as fever of intermediate duration with liver involvement and with chronic cases. Genotypes infecting humans are also found in sheep, goats, rats, wild boar and ticks, and the only genotype found in cattle has never been found among our clinical samples.
conclusionsThis newly developed methodology has permitted to demonstrate that C. burnetii is highly variable in Spain. With the data presented here, cattle seem not to participate in the transmission of C. burnetii to humans in the samples studied, while sheep, goats, wild boar, rats and ticks share genotypes with the human population.
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