ArticleThe Journal of biological chemistry2012
The synthetic cannabinoid R(+)WIN55,212-2 augments interferon-β expression via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α.
Article in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the Impact of Chirality of Synthetic Cannabinoids and Cathinones: A Systematic Review on Enantioresolution Methods and Enantioselectivity Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Cannabinoid type 2 receptor crosstalk and microglial plasticity-shaping the balance between neuroinflammation and repair.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Botanically-Derived ΔMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Cannabinoids induce functional Tregs by promoting tolerogenic DCs via autophagy and metabolic reprograming.Mucosal immunology · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabinoids in the Immunomodulation of Prevalent Autoimmune Diseases.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Review
- StandardizedIranian journal of pharmaceutical research : IJPR · 2019Article
- The Differential Binding of Antipsychotic Drugs to the ABC Transporter P-Glycoprotein Predicts Cannabinoid-Antipsychotic Drug Interactions.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
- An update on PPAR activation by cannabinoids.British journal of pharmacology · 2016Review
- Interaction between Cannabinoid System and Toll-Like Receptors Controls Inflammation.Mediators of inflammation · 2016Review
- Cannabinoid receptor 1 suppresses transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-induced inflammatory responses to corneal injury.Cellular signalling · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We have demonstrated that R(+)WIN55,212-2, a synthetic cannabinoid that possesses cannabimimetic properties, acts as a novel regulator of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) signaling to interferon (IFN) regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and IFN-β expression, and this is critical for manifesting its protective effects in a murine multiple sclerosis model. Here we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) in mediating the effects of R(+)WIN55,212-2 on this pathway. Data herein demonstrate that the TLR3 agonist poly(I:C) promotes IFN-β expression and R(+)WIN55,212-2 enhances TLR3-induced IFN-β expression in a stereoselective manner via PPARα. R(+)WIN55,212-2 promotes increased transactivation and expression of PPARα. Using the PPARα antagonist GW6471, we demonstrate that R(+)WIN55,212-2 acts via PPARα to activate JNK, activator protein-1, and positive regulatory domain IV to transcriptionally regulate the IFN-β promoter. Furthermore, GW6471 ameliorated the protective effects of R(+)WIN55,212-2 during the initial phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Overall, these findings define PPARα as an important mediator in manifesting the effects of R(+)WIN55,212-2 on the signaling cascade regulating IFN-β expression. The study adds to our molecular appreciation of potential therapeutic effects of R(+)WIN55,212-2 in multiple sclerosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.