Trial reportClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)2012
Sensitive period in flavor learning: effects of duration of exposure to formula flavors on food likes during infancy.
Trial report in Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evaluating the impacts of school garden-based programmes on diet and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and practices among the school children: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- WITHDRAWN: Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Infant formulas containing hydrolysed protein for prevention of allergic disease and food allergy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Learning to like vegetables during breastfeeding: a randomized clinical trial of lactating mothers and infants.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Trial
- Effects of cow milk versus extensive protein hydrolysate formulas on infant cognitive development.Amino acids · 2016Trial
- Article
- Moving, Seeing, Hearing, Smelling and Tasting: How Sensory-Motor Experiences Shape Early Cognitive Development.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nutrition transition's latest stage: Are ultra-processed food increases in low- and middle-income countries dooming our preschoolers' diets and future health?Pediatric obesity · 2025Article
- Parental Feeding Practices and Children's Eating Behaviours: An Overview of Their Complex Relationship.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Current Guidelines and Future Strategies for the Management of Cow's Milk Allergy.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2021Review
- Considering Nature and Nurture in the Etiology and Prevention of Picky Eating: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Effects of Non-nutritive Sweeteners on Sweet Taste Processing and Neuroendocrine Regulation of Eating Behavior.Current nutrition reports · 2020Review
- Olfaction scaffolds the developing human from neonate to adolescent and beyond.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Review
- Patterns of Complementary Feeding Behaviors Predict Diet Quality in Early Childhood.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Article
- Association between tactile over-responsivity and vegetable consumption early in the introduction of solid foods and its variation with age.Maternal & child nutrition · 2016Article
- Early determinants of food liking among 5y-old children: a longitudinal study from the EDEN mother-child cohort.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2016Article
- Gene-environment interactions controlling energy and glucose homeostasis and the developmental origins of obesity.Physiological reviews · 2015Review
- Growth and development in Chinese pre-schoolers with picky eating behaviour: a cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsEmerging research has revealed the existence of periods in which the developing brain has heightened sensitivity to environmental influences. We discovered a sensitive period, <4 months of age, when exposure to the flavor of extensively hydrolyzed protein hydrolysate formulas (ePHF) determines its hedonic tone. This formula has pronounced bitter, sour, and savory tastes compared to cow-milk-based formulas (CMF). This study aimed to determine the effects of duration of exposure during the sensitive period on a food containing an exemplar of the savory flavor.
methodsFormula-fed infants were randomized into four groups at age 0.5 months: one control group fed the CMF for 8 months, and three groups fed ePHF for 1, 3, or 8 months and CMF otherwise. When infants were 8.5 months, their acceptance of a savory and plain broth was measured.
resultsInfants fed hydrolysate formula for 3 or 8 months, but not 1 month, showed greater acceptance of the savory broth relative to the plain broth (p < 0.01) and consumed it at a faster rate (p = 0.01).
conclusionsThe duration of flavor exposure affects infants' earliest responses to foods: a 3-month exposure to ePHF shifted the hedonic tone for savory flavor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.