ArticlePloS one2012
Children of low socioeconomic status show accelerated linear growth in early childhood; results from the Generation R Study.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Sociodemographic predictors of early postnatal growth: evidence from a Chilean infancy cohort.BMJ open · 2020Trial
- Socioeconomic differences in childhood length/height trajectories in a middle-income country: a cohort study.BMC public health · 2014Trial
- Risk Factors for Rapid Growth in Undernourished Children: Analysis of Indonesian Family Life Survey.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
- Maternal education and its influence on child growth and nutritional status during the first two years of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Describing the longitudinal breakfast quality index trajectories in early childhood: results from Melbourne InFANT program.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
- Analysis of risk factors and construction of a prediction model for short stature in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Nonlinear Physical Growth of Children from Infancy to Middle Adolescence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.Journal of research in health sciences · 2021Article
- Identifying distinct trajectories of acute otitis media in children: A prospective cohort study.Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery · 2021Article
- Stature estimation for Saudi men based on different combinations of upper limb part dimensions.Medicine · 2021Observational
- Environmental determinants associated with acute otitis media in children: a longitudinal study.Pediatric research · 2020Article
- Article
- Nutrition and growth: assessing the impact of regional nutritional intake on childhood development and metacarpal parameters.Anatomy & cell biology · 2018Article
- Associations of maternal folic acid supplementation and folate concentrations during pregnancy with foetal and child head growth: the Generation R Study.European journal of nutrition · 2017Article
- Connecting the Dots in Childhood Obesity Disparities: A Review of Growth Patterns from Birth to Pre-Adolescence.Current epidemiology reports · 2016Article
- A Review of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Position and the Early-Life Predictors of Obesity.Current obesity reports · 2015Review
- Effects of parental socio-economic conditions on facial attractiveness.Evolutionary psychology : an international journal of evolutionary approaches to psychology and behavior · 2014Article
- Medication adherence and growth in children with CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2014Article
- Do mismatches between pre- and post-natal environments influence adult physiological functioning?PloS one · 2014Article
- Canonical correlation analysis of infant's size at birth and maternal factors: a study in rural northwest Bangladesh.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesPeople of low socioeconomic status are shorter than those of high socioeconomic status. The first two years of life being critical for height development, we hypothesized that a low socioeconomic status is associated with a slower linear growth in early childhood. We studied maternal educational level (high, mid-high, mid-low, and low) as a measure of socioeconomic status and its association with repeatedly measured height in children aged 0-2 years, and also examined to what extent known determinants of postnatal growth contribute to this association.
methodsThis study was based on data from 2972 mothers with a Dutch ethnicity, and their children participating in The Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study in Rotterdam, The Netherlands (participation rate 61%). All children were born between April 2002 and January 2006. Height was measured at 2 months (mid-90% range 1.0-3.9), 6 months (mid-90% range 5.6-11.4), 14 months (mid-90% range 13.7-17.9) and 25 months of age (mid-90% range 23.6-29.6).
resultsAt 2 months, children in the lowest educational subgroup were shorter than those in the highest (difference: -0.87 cm; 95% CI: -1.16, -0.58). Between 1 and 18 months, they grew faster than their counterparts. By 14 months, children in the lowest educational subgroup were taller than those in the highest (difference at 14 months: 0.40 cm; 95% CI: 0.08,0.72). Adjustment for other determinants of postnatal growth did not explain the taller height. On the contrary, the differences became even larger (difference at 14 months: 0.61 cm; 95% CI: 0.26,0.95; and at 25 months: 1.00 cm; 95% CI: 0.57,1.43)
conclusionsCompared with children of high socioeconomic status, those of low socioeconomic status show an accelerated linear growth until the 18th month of life, leading to an overcompensation of their initial height deficit. The long-term consequences of these findings remain unclear and require further study.
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