Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22649374›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2011

Conformational dynamics of insulin.

Qing-Xin Hua, Wenhua Jia, Michael A Weiss

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Stabilization of a protein by a single halogen-based aromatic amplifier.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
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  10. Review
  11. Insertion of a synthetic switch into insulin provides metabolite-dependent regulation of hormone-receptor activation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Evolution of insulin at the edge of foldability and its medical implications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Qing-Xin HuaDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH, USA.
Wenhua Jia
Michael A Weiss
Case Western Reserve University · US

Funding

Non-Standard Protein Design in Molecular Endocrinology: Insulin and GlucagonR01DK040949 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI CHERRINGTON, ALAN D, GEORGIADIS, MILLIE M · 1989 to 2024
$8.4M
Design of an Implantable Pump InsulinR01DK079233 · NIDDK · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI WEISS, MICHAEL AARON · 2008 to 2011
$1.3M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK040949NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK079233
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We have exploited a prandial insulin analog to elucidate the underlying structure and dynamics of insulin as a monomer in solution. A model was provided by insulin lispro (the active component of Humalog(®); Eli Lilly and Co.). Whereas NMR-based modeling recapitulated structural relationships of insulin crystals (T-state protomers), dynamic anomalies were revealed by amide-proton exchange kinetics in D(2)O. Surprisingly, the majority of hydrogen bonds observed in crystal structures are only transiently maintained in solution, including key T-state-specific inter-chain contacts. Long-lived hydrogen bonds (as defined by global exchange kinetics) exist only at a subset of four α-helical sites (two per chain) flanking an internal disulfide bridge (cystine A20-B19); these sites map within the proposed folding nucleus of proinsulin. The anomalous flexibility of insulin otherwise spans its active surface and may facilitate receptor binding. Because conformational fluctuations promote the degradation of pharmaceutical formulations, we envisage that "dynamic re-engineering" of insulin may enable design of ultra-stable formulations for humanitarian use in the developing world.

Indexed as

amide-proton exchangediabetes mellitushydrogen bondNMR spectroscopyprotein dynamicsprotein engineeringprotein structureprotein therapeutics

Identifiers

PMID22649374
PMCPMC3355934
OpenAlexW2164887240

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.