Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2012
Soy food intake after diagnosis of breast cancer and survival: an in-depth analysis of combined evidence from cohort studies of US and Chinese women.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00003787 (Dietary Intervention in Women Who Have Been Treated For Stage I, Stage II, or Stage III Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Dietary Intervention in Women Who Have Been Treated For Stage I, Stage II, or Stage III Breast Cancer: Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) Study
Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 201 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytonutrients and outcomes following breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2024Pooled it
- Postdiagnosis dietary factors, supplement use and breast cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review and meta-analysis.International journal of cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Plant-Based Diets and Cancer Prognosis: a Review of Recent Research.Current nutrition reports · 2022Pooled it
- Intake of Soy, Soy Isoflavones and Soy Protein and Risk of Cancer Incidence and Mortality.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary Assessment Methods to Estimate (Poly)phenol Intake in Epidemiological Studies: A Systematic Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- The Facts about Food after Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Soy and isoflavones consumption and breast cancer survival and recurrence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Soy Intake During Childhood and/or Adolescence and Adult Breast Cancer: An Examination of the Early Soy Intake Hypothesis.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Diet and Breast Cancer Survivorship: A Scoping Review.Journal of breast cancer · 2026Review
- Margin of Error: The Emerging Role of Field Cancerization in Predicting Recurrence Risk of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Role of Plant-Based Diets for Cancer Survivors and Planetary Health.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Review
- Nutritional status and cancer survival among rural Chinese women: biological mechanisms, health disparities, and translational opportunities.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Genistein enhances TLR3-mediated apoptosis and immune signaling in breast cancer cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- Review
- The correlation between obesity and the occurrence and development of breast cancer.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Perspective: Isoflavones-Intriguing Molecules but Much Remains to Be Learned about These Soybean Constituents.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Review
- Cancer chemoprevention: signaling pathways and strategic approaches.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSoy isoflavones have antiestrogenic and anticancer properties but also possess estrogen-like properties, which has raised concern about soy food consumption among breast cancer survivors.
objectiveWe prospectively evaluated the association between postdiagnosis soy food consumption and breast cancer outcomes among US and Chinese women by using data from the After Breast Cancer Pooling Project.
designThe analysis included 9514 breast cancer survivors with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer between 1991 and 2006 from 2 US cohorts and 1 Chinese cohort. Soy isoflavone intake (mg/d) was measured with validated food-frequency questionnaires. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using delayed-entry Cox regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.
resultsAfter a mean follow-up of 7.4 y, we identified 1171 total deaths (881 from breast cancer) and 1348 recurrences. Despite large differences in soy isoflavone intake by country, isoflavone consumption was inversely associated with recurrence among both US and Chinese women, regardless of whether data were analyzed separately by country or combined. No heterogeneity was observed. In the pooled analysis, consumption of ≥10 mg isoflavones/d was associated with a nonsignificant reduced risk of all-cause (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.10) and breast cancer-specific (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64, 1.07) mortality and a statistically significant reduced risk of recurrence (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.92).
conclusionIn this large study of combined data on US and Chinese women, postdiagnosis soy food consumption of ≥10 mg isoflavones/d was associated with a nonsignificant reduced risk of breast cancer-specific mortality and a statistically significant reduced risk of recurrence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.