Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22647530›Full record

Trial reportParasites & vectors2012

Efficacy of an imidacloprid/flumethrin collar against fleas, ticks, mites and lice on dogs.

Dorothee Stanneck, Eva M Kruedewagen, Josephus J Fourie, Ivan G Horak, Wendell Davis, Klemens J Krieger

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Parasites & vectors, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  7. Environmental persistence and control of the nasopulmonary miteInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Efficacy of a single-dose topical formulation combining Fipronil, Moxidectin and Praziquantel against natural infestations of Notoedres cati, Otodectes cynotis and Felicola subrostratus in cats.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Autochthonous Babesia canis infections in 49 dogs in Germany.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
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  16. Review
  17. Article
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  20. ACVIM consensus update on Lyme borreliosis in dogs and cats.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Dorothee StanneckBayer HealthCare AG, Animal Health Division, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany. Dorothee.stanneck@bayer.com
Eva M Kruedewagen
Josephus J Fourie
Ivan G Horak
Wendell Davis
Klemens J Krieger
Bayer (Germany) · DEClinvet · ZAUniversity of the Free State · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe studies reported here were conducted to ascertain the efficacy of imidacloprid/flumethrin incorporated in a slow-release matrix collar, against infestations of dogs by fleas, ticks, mites and lice. Efficacy was evaluated against the flea Ctenocephalides felis felis, the ticks Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis, Dermacentor reticulatus and Dermacentor variabilis, the mite Sarcoptes scabiei and the biting louse Trichodectes canis.

methodsGroups of collar-treated dogs (n = 7-10) were infested with fleas and/or ticks at monthly intervals at least, over a period of up to 8 months. Efficacy against fleas was evaluated 24 to 48 h after treatment and 24 h after each re-infestation. Efficacy against ticks was evaluated at 48 h (acaricidal), 6 h (repellent) and 48 h (sustained) after infestation. The effect of regular shampooing or immersion in water on the efficacy of the collars was also tested. Efficacy against flea larvae was assessed by incubating blanket samples after dog contact with viable flea eggs. Effectiveness against lice and mites was evaluated after treatment of naturally infested animals. With the exception of the mites, efficacy was calculated by comparison with untreated negative control groups.

resultsEfficacy against fleas (24 h) generally exceeded 95%, and against flea larvae it exceeded 99% for 8 months. Sustained acaricidal (48 h) efficacy, covering a period of 8 months was 100% against I. ricinus, starting 2 days after treatment (in vivo), and 100% against I. scapularis (in vitro), above 97% against R. sanguineus, generally above 97% against D. reticulatus and above 90% for D. variabilis.Repellent (6 h) efficacy 2 days after treatment and continuing for 8 months was consistently 100% against I. ricinus, and above 90% against R. sanguineus.Regular shampooing affected efficacy against fleas and ticks to a lesser extent than regular immersion in water.The collars eliminated Trichodectes canis within 2 days and Sarcoptes scabiei within 3 months.

conclusionThe rapid insecticidal and acaricidal properties of the medicated collars against newly-acquired infestations of fleas and ticks and their sustained high levels of preventive efficacy have been clearly shown. Consequently they have the potential to prevent the transmission of vector-borne diseases and other conditions directly associated with infestation throughout an entire season of parasite abundance.

Indexed as

AcaricidesAnimalsDog DiseasesDogsEctoparasitic InfestationsImidazolesInsecticidesLarvaMitesNeonicotinoidsNitro CompoundsPhthirapteraPyrethrinsSiphonapteraTicksAcaricidesflumethrinimidaclopridImidazolesInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsNitro CompoundsPyrethrins

Identifiers

PMID22647530
PMCPMC3433312
OpenAlexW2106654502

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.