ArticleEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2012
Adverse drug reactions caused by drug-drug interactions in elderly outpatients: a prospective cohort study.
Article in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug-drug interaction among elderly patients in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of potential drug‒drug interactions and associated factors among elderly patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Global health research and policy · 2024Pooled it
- Medication review in hospitalised patients to reduce morbidity and mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions and associated factors among outpatients and inpatients in Ethiopian hospitals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Medication review in hospitalised patients to reduce morbidity and mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Multimorbidity and Patient Safety Incidents in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Pharmacoepidemiologic study of warfarin prescription in a Brazilian tertiary hospital.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2014Trial
- Knowledge, attitudes, practices, and barriers toward drug-drug interaction management among pharmacists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into human carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) inhibition by the CES1 prodrug substrate remdesivir.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Article
- The risk and cost of drug-drug interactions in an older population acutely admitted to hospital in Ireland.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Article
- Review
- Potentially inappropriate medications for geriatric patients in Bahrain: prevalence, predictors, and implications for practice.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with the Practice of Assessing Drug-Drug Interactions Among Pharmacists in Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Deciphering the Intricate Interplay in the Framework of Antibiotic-Drug Interactions: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Are polypharmacy side effects predicted by public data still valid in real-world data?Heliyon · 2024Article
- Critical Assessment of Phenotyping Cocktails for Clinical Use in an African Context.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- General Framework to Quantitatively Predict Pharmacokinetic Induction Drug-Drug Interactions Using In Vitro Data.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- Assessment of community pharmacists' knowledge about drug-drug interactions in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAlthough the prevalence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in elderly outpatients is high, many potential DDIs do not have any actual clinical effect, and data on the occurrence of DDI-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in elderly outpatients are scarce. This study aimed to determine the incidence and characteristics of DDI-related ADRs among elderly outpatients as well as the factors associated with these reactions.
methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted between 1 November 2010 and 31 November 2011 in the primary public health system of the Ourinhos micro-region, Brazil. Patients aged ≥60 years with at least one potential DDI were eligible for inclusion. Causality, severity, and preventability of the DDI-related ADRs were assessed independently by four clinicians using validated methods; data were analysed using descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression.
resultsA total of 433 patients completed the study. The incidence of DDI-related ADRs was 6 % (n = 30). Warfarin was the most commonly involved drug (37 % cases), followed by acetylsalicylic acid (17 %), digoxin (17 %), and spironolactone (17 %). Gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 37 % of the DDI-related ADR cases, followed by hyperkalemia (17 %) and myopathy (13 %). The multiple logistic regression showed that age ≥80 years [odds ratio (OR) 4.4; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 3.0-6.1, p < 0.01], a Charlson comorbidity index ≥4 (OR 1.3; 95 % CI 1.1-1.8, p < 0.01), consumption of five or more drugs (OR 2.7; 95 % CI 1.9-3.1, p < 0.01), and the use of warfarin (OR 1.7; 95 % CI1.1-1.9, p < 0.01) were associated with the occurrence of DDI-related ADRs. With regard to severity, approximately 37 % of the DDI-related ADRs detected in our cohort necessitated hospital admission. All DDI-related ADRs could have been avoided (87 % were ameliorable and 13 % were preventable). The incidence of ADRs not related to DDIs was 10 % (n = 44).
conclusionsThe incidence of DDI-related ADRs in elderly outpatients is high; most events presented important clinical consequences and were preventable or ameliorable.
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