ArticleBehavioral neuroscience2012
Effects of neonatal amygdala lesions on fear learning, conditioned inhibition, and extinction in adult macaques.
Article in Behavioral neuroscience, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- The human amygdala in threat learning and extinction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Hippocampal Involvement in Safety Signal Learning Varies With Anxiety Among Healthy Adults.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Reorganization in the macaque interoceptive-allostatic network following anterior cingulate cortex damage.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Differential responses toward conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, but decreased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responsiveness in neonatal hippocampal lesioned monkeys.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2022Article
- Environmental certainty influences the neural systems regulating responses to threat and stress.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Review
- Nonhuman Primate Models to Explore Mechanisms Underlying Early-Life Temperamental Anxiety.Biological psychiatry · 2021Review
- Fear Potentiated Startle in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association With Anxiety Symptoms and Amygdala Volume.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2021Article
- Learning About Safety: Conditioned Inhibition as a Novel Approach to Fear Reduction Targeting the Developing Brain.The American journal of psychiatry · 2021Review
- Emotional responses in monkeys differ depending on the stimulus type, sex, and neonatal amygdala lesion status.Behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- Inhibition of the Deep and Intermediate Layers of the Superior Colliculus Disrupts Sensorimotor Gating in Monkeys.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Article
- Serotonin 2A receptors are a stress response system: implications for post-traumatic stress disorder.Behavioural pharmacology · 2019Review
- Early amygdala damage alters the way rhesus macaques process species-specific audio-visual vocalizations.Behavioral neuroscience · 2019Article
- Human amygdala functional network development: A cross-sectional study from 3 months to 5 years of age.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2018Article
- Amygdala Volume Differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder Are Related to Anxiety.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2017Article
- Neural Reorganization Due to Neonatal Amygdala Lesions in the Rhesus Monkey: Changes in Morphology and Network Structure.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2017Article
- An MRI study of the corpus callosum in monkeys: Developmental trajectories and effects of neonatal hippocampal and amygdala lesions.Developmental psychobiology · 2017Article
- Anxiety mediates the effect of acute stress on working memory performance when cortisol levels are high: a moderated mediation analysis.Anxiety, stress, and coping · 2015Article
- Learning not to fear: neural correlates of learned safety.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2014Review
- Neonatal lesions of orbital frontal areas 11/13 in monkeys alter goal-directed behavior but spare fear conditioning and safety signal learning.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fear conditioning studies have demonstrated the critical role played by the amygdala in emotion processing. Although all lesion studies until now investigated the effect of adult-onset damage on fear conditioning, the current study assessed fear-learning abilities, as measured by fear-potentiated startle, in adult monkeys that had received neonatal neurotoxic amygdala damage or sham-operations. After fear acquisition, their abilities to learn and use a safety cue to modulate their fear to the conditioned cue, and, finally, to extinguish their response to the fear conditioned cue were measured with the AX+/BX- Paradigm. Neonatal amygdala damage retarded, but did not completely abolish, the acquisition of a learned fear. After acquisition of the fear signal, four of the six animals with neonatal amygdala lesions discriminated between the fear and safety cues and were also able to use the safety signal to reduce the potentiated-startle response and to extinguish the fear response when the air-blast was absent. In conclusion, the present results support the critical contribution of the amygdala during the early phases of fear conditioning that leads to quick, robust responses to potentially threatening stimuli, a highly adaptive process across all species and likely to be present in early infancy. The neonatal amygdala lesions also indicated the presence of amygdala-independent alternate pathways that are capable to support fear learning in the absence of a functional amygdala. This parallel processing of fear responses within these alternate pathways was also sufficient to support the ability to flexibly modulate the magnitude of the fear responses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.