ArticleThe Journal of general physiology2012
Low aqueous solubility of 11-cis-retinal limits the rate of pigment formation and dark adaptation in salamander rods.
Article in The Journal of general physiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhodopsin molecular evolution from mouse to human phenylalanine 88 to leucine substitution enhances thermal stability and post-activation decay.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The physiology of dark adaptation: Progress and future directions.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Insights into rhodopsin molecular evolution from mice with "humanized" Phe-88 to Leu substitution.Research square · 2025Article
- FRET sensors reveal the retinal entry pathway in the G protein-coupled receptor rhodopsin.iScience · 2022Article
- Optogenetic control of receptors reveals distinct roles for actin- and Cdc42-dependent negative signals in chemotactic signal processing.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Rod Photoreceptors Avoid Saturation in Bright Light by the Movement of the G Protein Transducin.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Apo-Opsin and Its Dark Constitutive Activity across Retinal Cone Subtypes.Current biology : CB · 2020Article
- Light adaptation and the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptors.The Journal of physiology · 2017Article
- The Energetics of Chromophore Binding in the Visual Photoreceptor Rhodopsin.Biophysical journal · 2017Article
- Voltage-sensitive conductances increase the sensitivity of rod photoresponses following pigment bleaching.The Journal of physiology · 2017Article
- The retina visual cycle is driven by cis retinol oxidation in the outer segments of cones.Visual neuroscience · 2017Article
- Rhodopsin kinase and arrestin binding control the decay of photoactivated rhodopsin and dark adaptation of mouse rods.The Journal of general physiology · 2016Article
- Effect of Rhodopsin Phosphorylation on Dark Adaptation in Mouse Rods.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2016Article
- Optics of cone photoreceptors in the chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus).Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2015Article
- A complex carotenoid palette tunes avian colour vision.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2015Article
- Rhodopsin in the rod surface membrane regenerates more rapidly than bulk rhodopsin in the disc membranes in vivo.The Journal of physiology · 2014Article
- Optogenetics for retinal disorders.Journal of ophthalmic & vision researchArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We report experiments designed to test the hypothesis that the aqueous solubility of 11-cis-retinoids plays a significant role in the rate of visual pigment regeneration. Therefore, we have compared the aqueous solubility and the partition coefficients in photoreceptor membranes of native 11-cis-retinal and an analogue retinoid, 11-cis 4-OH retinal, which has a significantly higher solubility in aqueous medium. We have then correlated these parameters with the rates of pigment regeneration and sensitivity recovery that are observed when bleached intact salamander rod photoreceptors are treated with physiological solutions containing these retinoids. We report the following results: (a) 11-cis 4-OH retinal is more soluble in aqueous buffer than 11-cis-retinal. (b) Both 11-cis-retinal and 11-cis 4-OH retinal have extremely high partition coefficients in photoreceptor membranes, though the partition coefficient of 11-cis-retinal is roughly 50-fold greater than that of 11-cis 4-OH retinal. (c) Intact bleached isolated rods treated with solutions containing equimolar amounts of 11-cis-retinal or 11-cis 4-OH retinal form functional visual pigments that promote full recovery of dark current, sensitivity, and response kinetics. However, rods treated with 11-cis 4-OH retinal regenerated on average fivefold faster than rods treated with 11-cis-retinal. (d) Pigment regeneration from recombinant and wild-type opsin in solution is slower when treated with 11-cis 4-OH retinal than with 11-cis-retinal. Based on these observations, we propose a model in which aqueous solubility of cis-retinoids within the photoreceptor cytosol can place a limit on the rate of visual pigment regeneration in vertebrate photoreceptors. We conclude that the cytosolic gap between the plasma membrane and the disk membranes presents a bottleneck for retinoid flux that results in slowed pigment regeneration and dark adaptation in rod photoreceptors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.