ArticleArthritis research & therapy2012
Association of cytokine and matrix metalloproteinase profiles with disease activity and function in ankylosing spondylitis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular endotypes in musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Identification of potential transcriptomic markers in developing ankylosing spondylitis: a meta-analysis of gene expression profiles.BioMed research international · 2015Pooled it
- Bone targeted microenvironment actuated engineered exosomes for precision therapy of IBD associated bone loss.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Progression to Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Narrative Review on Timeline and Novel Prediction Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Elevated serum MMP3 levels as a potential biomarker of disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a prospective observational study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Observational
- Restoring immune homeostasis in the spinal microenvironment: targeting mechano-inflammation and immunometabolic reprogramming.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Decoding the inflammatory-osteogenic axis in ankylosing spondylitis: mechanisms, dysregulation, and emerging therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Quantitative proteomic screening uncovers candidate diagnostic and monitoring serum biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Article
- Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking and experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism ofAnnals of medicine · 2023Article
- ABMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2022Article
- Practical Significance of Biomarkers in Axial Spondyloarthritis: Updates on Diagnosis, Disease Activity, and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The role of LCN2 and LCN2-MMP9 in spondylitis radiographic development: gender and HLA-B27 status differences.Arthritis research & therapy · 2022Article
- Potential Therapeutic Mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi against Ankylosing Spondylitis Based on a Comprehensive Pharmacological Model.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- S100A8 alarmin supports IL-6 and metalloproteinase-9 production by fibroblasts in the synovial microenvironment of peripheral spondyloarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Efficacy of Duhuo Jisheng Decoction in Treating Ankylosing Spondylitis: Clinical Evidence and Potential Mechanisms.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Global Proteomic Analyses Reveals Abnormal Immune Regulation in Patients With New Onset Ankylosing Spondylitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Elevated serum level of hepatocyte growth factor predicts development of new syndesmophytes in men with ankylosing spondylitis.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Similarities and Differences Between Juvenile and Adult Spondyloarthropathies.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Biomarker development for axial spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe pathology of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) suggests that certain cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) might provide useful markers of disease activity. Serum levels of some cytokines and MMPs have been found to be elevated in active disease, but there is a general lack of information about biomarker profiles in AS and how these are related to disease activity and function. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether clinical measures of disease activity and function in AS are associated with particular profiles of circulating cytokines and MMPs.
methodsMeasurement of 30 cytokines, five MMPs and four tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases was carried out using Luminex® technology on a well-characterised population of AS patients (n = 157). The relationship between biomarker levels and measures of disease activity (Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI)), function (Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index) and global health (Bath ankylosing spondylitis global health) was investigated. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the large number of biomarkers to a smaller set of independent components, which were investigated for their association with clinical measures. Further analyses were carried out using hierarchical clustering, multiple regression or multivariate logistic regression.
resultsPrincipal component analysis identified eight clusters consisting of various combinations of cytokines and MMPs. The strongest association with the BASDAI was found with a component consisting of MMP-8, MMP-9, hepatocyte growth factor and CXCL8, and was independent of C-reactive protein levels. This component was also associated with current smoking. Hierarchical clustering revealed two distinct patient clusters that could be separated on the basis of MMP levels. The high MMP cluster was associated with increased C-reactive protein, the BASDAI and the Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index.
conclusionsA profile consisting of high levels of MMP-8, MMP-9, hepatocyte growth factor and CXCL8 is associated with increased disease activity in AS. High MMP levels are also associated with smoking and worse function in AS.
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