ArticleGeospatial health2012
A multi-stage approach to maximizing geocoding success in a large population-based cohort study through automated and interactive processes.
Article in Geospatial health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of body mass index on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Rurality and race in heart failure risk: Insights from the Southern Community Cohort Study.Global cardiology science & practice · 2024Article
- Dietary medium-chain fatty acids and risk of incident colorectal cancer in a predominantly low-income population: a report from the Southern Community Cohort Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Neighborhood variation in unsolved homicides: a retrospective cohort study in Indianapolis, Indiana, 2007-2017.Injury epidemiology · 2020Article
- Supports and Barriers to Home-Based Physical Activity During Preoperative Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: A Mixed-Methods Study.Journal of physical activity & health · 2019Article
- Ovarian Cancer in Women of African Ancestry (OCWAA) consortium: a resource of harmonized data from eight epidemiologic studies of African American and white women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2019Article
- Does religious involvement affect mortality in low-income Americans? A prospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2019Article
- Neighbourhood deprivation and lung cancer risk: a nested case-control study in the USA.BMJ open · 2018Article
- Neighborhood Deprivation Predicts Heart Failure Risk in a Low-Income Population of Blacks and Whites in the Southeastern United States.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2018Article
- Associations Between Neighborhood Environment, Health Behaviors, and Mortality.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Article
- Accuracy of two geocoding methods for geographic information system-based exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Article
- Built Environment and Depression in Low-Income African Americans and Whites.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Article
- Spatializing 6,000 years of global urbanization from 3700 BC to AD 2000.Scientific data · 2016Article
- Socioeconomic status, race, and mortality: a prospective cohort study.American journal of public health · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
To enable spatial analyses within a large, prospective cohort study of nearly 86,000 adults enrolled in a 12-state area in the southeastern United States of America from 2002-2009, a multi-stage geocoding protocol was developed to efficiently maximize the proportion of participants assigned an address level geographic coordinate. Addresses were parsed, cleaned and standardized before applying a combination of automated and interactive geocoding tools. Our full protocol increased the non-Post Office (PO) Box match rate from 74.5% to 97.6%. Overall, we geocoded 99.96% of participant addresses, with only 5.2% at the ZIP code centroid level (2.8% PO Box and 2.3% non-PO Box addresses). One key to reducing the need for interactive geocoding was the use of multiple base maps. Still, addresses in areas with population density <44 persons/km2 were much more likely to require resource-intensive interactive geocoding than those in areas with >920 persons/km2 (odds ratio (OR) = 5.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.23, 6.49), as were addresses collected from participants during in-person interviews compared with mailed questionnaires (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.59, 2.11). This study demonstrates that population density and address ascertainment method can influence automated geocoding results and that high success in address level geocoding is achievable for large-scale studies covering wide geographical areas.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.