ArticlePathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology2013
Immunopathological patterns from EAE and Theiler's virus infection: Is multiple sclerosis a homogenous 1-stage or heterogenous 2-stage disease?
Article in Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Five Decades of Cuprizone, an Updated Model to Replicate Demyelinating Diseases.Current neuropharmacology · 2019Review
- Bioinformatics Analyses Determined the Distinct CNS and Peripheral Surrogate Biomarker Candidates Between Two Mouse Models for Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- T-bet, but not Gata3, overexpression is detrimental in a neurotropic viral infection.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Organ-specific protective role of NKT cells in virus-induced inflammatory demyelination and myocarditis depends on mouse strain.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2015Article
- Th17-biased RORγt transgenic mice become susceptible to a viral model for multiple sclerosis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2015Article
- RORγt, but not T-bet, overexpression exacerbates an autoimmune model for multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2014Article
- Regulation of an autoimmune model for multiple sclerosis in Th2-biased GATA3 transgenic mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2014Article
- Resveratrol exacerbates both autoimmune and viral models of multiple sclerosis.The American journal of pathology · 2013Article
- Regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in viral infections: implications for multiple sclerosis and myocarditis.Future virology · 2012Article
- Distinct kinetics of viral replication, T cell infiltration, and fibrosis in three phases of myocarditis following Theiler's virus infection.Cellular immunologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease which can presents in different clinical courses. The most common form of MS is the relapsing-remitting (RR) course, which in many cases evolves into secondary progressive (SP) disease. Autoimmune models such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have been developed to represent the various clinical forms of MS. These models along with clinico-pathological evidence obtained from MS patients have allowed us to propose '1-stage' and '2-stage' disease theories to explain the transition in the clinical course of MS from RR to SP. Relapses in MS are associated with pro-inflammatory T helper (Th) 1/Th17 immune responses, while remissions are associated with anti-inflammatory Th2/regulatory T (Treg) immune responses. Based on the '1-stage disease' theory, the transition from RR to SP disease occurs when the inflammatory immune response overwhelms the anti-inflammatory immune response. The '2-stage disease' theory proposes that the transition from RR to SP-MS occurs when the Th2 response or some other responses overwhelm the inflammatory response resulting in the sustained production of anti-myelin antibodies, which cause continuing demyelination, neurodegeneration, and axonal loss. The Theiler's virus model is also a 2-stage disease, where axonal degeneration precedes demyelination during the first stage, followed by inflammatory demyelination during the second stage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.