Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22632758›Full record

ArticleJournal of experimental child psychology2012

Knowing a lot for one's age: Vocabulary skill and not age is associated with anticipatory incremental sentence interpretation in children and adults.

Arielle Borovsky, Jeffrey L Elman, Anne Fernald

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of experimental child psychology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  16. The Feasibility of Remote Visual-World Eye-Tracking With Young Children.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Verb Vocabulary Supports Event Probability Use in Developmental Language Disorder.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Arielle BorovskyCenter for Research in Language, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. aborovsk@crl.ucsd.edu
Jeffrey L Elman
Anne Fernald

Funding

EXPECTATION GENERATION IN SENTENCE PROCESSINGR01HD053136 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ELMAN, JEFFREY L · 2007 to 2011
$1.3M
Online measures of word recognition and learning in language-delayed toddlersF32DC010106 · NIDCD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOROVSKY, ARIELLE · 2009 to 2011
$151k
NICHD NIH HHS HD053136NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD053136NIDCD NIH HHS DC010106NIDCD NIH HHS F32 DC010106
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adults can incrementally combine information from speech with astonishing speed to anticipate future words. Concurrently, a growing body of work suggests that vocabulary ability is crucially related to lexical processing skills in children. However, little is known about this relationship with predictive sentence processing in children or adults. We explore this question by comparing the degree to which an upcoming sentential theme is anticipated by combining information from a prior agent and action. 48 children, aged of 3 to 10, and 48 college-aged adults' eye-movements were recorded as they heard a sentence (e.g., The pirate hides the treasure) in which the object referred to one of four images that included an agent-related, action-related and unrelated distractor image. Pictures were rotated so that, across all versions of the study, each picture appeared in all conditions, yielding a completely balanced within-subjects design. Adults and children quickly made use of combinatory information available at the action to generate anticipatory looks to the target object. Speed of anticipatory fixations did not vary with age. When controlling for age, individuals with higher vocabularies were faster to look to the target than those with lower vocabulary scores. Together, these results support and extend current views of incremental processing in which adults and children make use of linguistic information to continuously update their mental representation of ongoing language.

Indexed as

VocabularyAge FactorsAnticipation, PsychologicalChildChild, PreschoolComprehensionEye MovementsFemaleHumansLanguage DevelopmentMaleSpeechYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID22632758
PMCPMC3374638

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.