Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22632619›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2012

Putting theory to the test: modeling a multidimensional, developmentally-based approach to preschool disruptive behavior.

Lauren S Wakschlag, David B Henry, Patrick H Tolan, Alice S Carter, James L Burns, Margaret J Briggs-Gowan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Gestational kynurenine metabolites mediate effects of pregnancy adiposity on child negative affect.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Toward a Developmental Nosology for Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in Early Childhood.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2021
    Article
  10. Parent-child neural synchrony: a novel approach to elucidating dyadic correlates of preschool irritability.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2020
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Screening for Disruptive Behaviour Problems in Preschool Children in Primary Health Care Settings.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2017
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lauren S WakschlagFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 710 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. lauriew@northwestern.edu
David B Henry
Patrick H Tolan
Alice S Carter
James L Burns
Margaret J Briggs-Gowan

Funding

Problems and Competence under Age5: School TransitionR01MH055278 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CARTER, ALICE S · 1997 to 2005
$4.2M
Developmental Characterization of Preschool Disruptive BehaviorR01MH082830 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI WAKSCHLAG, LAUREN S · 2009 to 2013
$3.7M
Validity of Preschool Disruptive Behavior DisordersR01MH062437 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI KEENAN, KATHRYN ELIZABETH · 2002 to 2006
$3.7M
Chicago Center for Youth Violence PreventionU49CE000732 · CE · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI GORMAN-SMITH, DEBORAH · 2005 to 2009
$3.2M
Observational Measurement of Preschool Behavior ProblemsR01MH068455 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI WAKSCHLAG, LAUREN S · 2004 to 2008
$2.5M
Fatherhood Among Young Inner-City Men(Resubmission)R01HD042030 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI GORMAN-SMITH, DEBORAH · 2003 to 2007
$2.2M
Developmental Evaluation of Prevention Effects of the SAFE Children InterventionR01DA020829 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA · PI TOLAN, PATRICK H. · 2007 to 2010
$1.8M
NCIPC CDC HHS U49 CE000732NCIPC CDC HHS U49/CE 000732NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD042030NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA020829NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH055278NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH062437NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH068455NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH082830NIMH NIH HHS R01MH082830NIMH NIH HHS R01MH55278NIMH NIH HHS R01MH62437NIMH NIH HHS R01MH68455
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThere is increasing emphasis on dimensional conceptualizations of psychopathology, but empirical evidence of their utility is just emerging. In particular, although a range of multidimensional models have been proposed, the relative fit of competing models has rarely been tested. Furthermore, developmental considerations have received scant attention. In this study, we tested a developmentally based, four-dimensional model of disruptive behavior theorized to represent the defining features of disruptive behavior at preschool age: Temper Loss, Noncompliance, Aggression, and Low Concern for Others.

methodModel testing was conducted in two independent samples of preschoolers: Clinically Enriched Sample (n = 336) and Epidemiologic Sample (n = 532). The tau-equivalent confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the fit of the Developmental Model relative to three leading competing models (DSM opositional defiant disorder (ODD)/conduct disorder (CD) Model, "Callous" Model, and an "Irritable/Headstrong/Hurtful" Model). Reliability of the four dimensions was also tested. Validity of the dimensions was tested by predicting multi-informant, multi-method ratings of disruptive behavior and impairment, and incremental utility relative to DSM symptoms.

resultsIn both samples, the Developmental Model demonstrated a superior fit compared with the competing models within the full sample, and across key demographic subgroups. Validity was also demonstrated, including incremental utility relative to DSM-IV disruptive behavior symptoms.

conclusionsCritical next steps for achieving scientific consensus about the optimal dimensional model of disruptive behavior and its clinical application are discussed.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersChild DevelopmentModels, PsychologicalAffective SymptomsChild BehaviorChild, PreschoolDevelopmental DisabilitiesDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersFemaleHumansInterpersonal RelationsIrritable MoodMalePsychological TestsPsychopathologyReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID22632619
PMCPMC3674547

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.