ArticleGut2013
Heterocyclic amine intake, smoking, cytochrome P450 1A2 and N-acetylation phenotypes, and risk of colorectal adenoma in a multiethnic population.
Article in Gut, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Intake of Meat Cooking-Related Mutagens (HCAs) and Risk of Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2017Pooled it
- Interaction between Red Meat Intake and NAT2 Genotype in Increasing the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Japanese and African Americans.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Association between smoking and colorectal cancer in Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology AssociationPooled it
- The impact of the exposome on cytochrome P450-mediated drug metabolism.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- A scoping review about smoking, smoking cessation and their effects on anti-tuberculosis agents: insights into drug metabolisms, safety, and effectiveness.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Dietary Patterns and Lifestyle Factors Associated with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study among Malaysians.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2024Article
- Association of Meat Subtypes With Colorectal Polyp Prevalence: Finding From the Lanxi Pre-colorectal Cancer Cohort in China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Triglyceride glucose index and Atherogenic index of plasma for predicting colorectal neoplasms in patients without cardiovascular diseases.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Homozygotes NAT2*5B slow acetylators are highly associated with hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2022Article
- The role of heterocyclic aromatic amines in colorectal cancer: the evidence from epidemiologic studies.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2021Review
- VDR Signaling via the Enzyme NAT2 Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Progression.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Ex vivo/in vitro protective effect of myricetin bulk and nano-forms on PhIP-induced DNA damage in lymphocytes from healthy individuals and pre-cancerous MGUS patients.Archives of toxicology · 2020Article
- Doneness preferences, meat and meat-derived heterocyclic amines intake, and N-acetyltransferase 2 polymorphisms: association with colorectal adenoma in Japanese Brazilians.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2020Observational
- Effect of Different Amino Acids and Heating Conditions on the Formation of 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and Its Kinetics Formation Using Chemical Model System.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- A framework and case studies for evaluation of enzyme ontogeny in children's health risk evaluation.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 2017Article
- DNA damage response curtails detrimental replication stress and chromosomal instability induced by the dietary carcinogen PhIP.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- Epidemiological transition of colorectal cancer in developing countries: environmental factors, molecular pathways, and opportunities for prevention.World journal of gastroenterology · 2014Review
- Genetic polymorphisms in metabolizing enzymes modifying the association between smoking and inflammatory bowel diseases.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2014Article
- A prospective investigation of fish, meat and cooking-related carcinogens with endometrial cancer incidence.British journal of cancer · 2013Article
- Plasma insulin, glucose, IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGFBP-3 and risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology research · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHeterocyclic amines (HAA) are animal carcinogens that are present in meat cooked at high temperature and in tobacco smoke. These compounds require activation by cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2) before they can damage DNA. This study tested the hypotheses that well-done meat and cigarette smoking increase the risk of adenoma, the precursor to most colorectal cancers, especially in individuals with rapid CYP1A2 and rapid NAT2 activities.
designAn endoscopy-based case-control study of adenoma was conducted among Caucasians, Japanese and native Hawaiians to test this hypothesis. The overall diet and consumption of well-done meat cooked by various high-temperature methods were assessed by interview in 1016 patients with a first adenoma and 1355 controls with a normal endoscopy. A caffeine test was used to assess CYP1A2 and NAT2 activities in 635 cases and 845 controls. Logistic regression was used to account for matching factors and potential confounders.
resultsSmoking was associated with an increased risk of adenoma. Weak non-significant elevated OR were observed for the main effects of HAA intakes or NAT2 activity. However, the combined effects of HAA intakes and NAT2 activity were statistically significant. Subjects in both the upper tertiles of NAT2 activity and HAA intake were at increased risk of adenoma compared with subjects in the lower tertiles of NAT2 activity and exposure (2-amino-3,4,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline intake OR 1.70, 95% CI I 1.06 to 2.75; 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline intake OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.16 to 3.16; and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine intake OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.31 to 3.49).
conclusionThe data suggest that rapid N-acetylators with high HAA intake may be at increased risk of adenoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.