ArticlePloS one2012
IL-15 participates in the respiratory innate immune response to influenza virus infection.
Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vaccine-Induced Antibodies Mediate Higher Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity After Interleukin-15 Pretreatment of Natural Killer Effector Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Reduced cytokine levels among people living with HIV (PLWH) in ghana co-infected with human coronaviruses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A comprehensive mechanistic multicellular model of the human immune system spanning 11 diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrative multi-omics analysisiScience · 2025Article
- Acute Exposure to Aerosolized Nanoplastics Modulates Redox-Linked Immune Responses in Human Airway Epithelium.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Systemic dysregulation and molecular insights into poor influenza vaccine response in the aging population.Science advances · 2024Article
- Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024Review
- Immune dysregulation is an important factor in the underlying complications in Influenza infection. ApoH, IL-8 and IL-15 as markers of prognosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Observational
- NK cell subsets and dysfunction during viral infection: a new avenue for therapeutics?Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- H7N9 avian influenza virus infection in men is associated with testosterone depletion.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Compartmental Model Suggests Importance of Innate Immune Response to COVID-19 Infection in Rhesus Macaques.Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2021Article
- Leukocyte trafficking to the lungs and beyond: lessons from influenza for COVID-19.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2021Review
- Unbiased Analysis of Temporal Changes in Immune Serum Markers in Acute COVID-19 Infection With Emphasis on Organ Failure, Anti-Viral Treatment, and Demographic Characteristics.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- IL-15 immunotherapy is a viable strategy for COVID-19.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2020Review
- The immune response to influenza in older humans: beyond immune senescence.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2020Review
- Protection against influenza infection requires early recognition by inflammatory dendritic cells through C-type lectin receptor SIGN-R1.Nature microbiology · 2019Article
- Influenza Vaccination Primes Human Myeloid Cell Cytokine Secretion and NK Cell Function.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Uncompromised NK cell activation is essential for virus-specific CTL activity during acute influenza virus infection.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2018Article
- Natural Killer Cell Recruitment to the Lung During Influenza A Virus Infection Is Dependent on CXCR3, CCR5, and Virus Exposure Dose.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Following influenza infection, natural killer (NK) cells function as interim effectors by suppressing viral replication until CD8 T cells are activated, proliferate, and are mobilized within the respiratory tract. Thus, NK cells are an important first line of defense against influenza virus. Here, in a murine model of influenza, we show that virally-induced IL-15 facilitates the trafficking of NK cells into the lung airways. Blocking IL-15 delays NK cell entry to the site of infection and results in a disregulated control of early viral replication. By the same principle, viral control by NK cells can be therapeutically enhanced via intranasal administration of exogenous IL-15 in the early days post influenza infection. In addition to controlling early viral replication, this IL-15-induced mobilization of NK cells to the lung airways has important downstream consequences on adaptive responses. Primarily, depletion of responding NK1.1+ NK cells is associated with reduced immigration of influenza-specific CD8 T cells to the site of infection. Together this work suggests that local deposits of IL-15 in the lung airways regulate the coordinated innate and adaptive immune responses to influenza infection and may represent an important point of immune intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.