ArticleNursing research and practice2012
Comparison of biomarkers in blood and saliva in healthy adults.
Article in Nursing research and practice, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 198 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is there any association between the presence of biomarkers and apical periodontitis? A systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Everyday Discrimination Scale and biomarker outcomes.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- The effect of acute stress on salivary markers of inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Pro-inflammatory markers interact with spontaneous theta oscillations to predict depression among adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Potential of Saliva in Stroke Patients: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Extraoral Detection of Biomarkers and Pathogens in Saliva: Comprehensive, Panoramic Review.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Saliva as a Matrix for Primary Care: Feasibility and Scoping of Its Use for Assessment of Nutrition and Inflammation.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Methodological comparison between salivary and plasma inflammatory biomarkers in third molar surgery patients.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Salivary and serum biomarkers profile of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and temporomandibular disorders.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Prospective Associations Between Salivary Biomarkers of Inflammation and Body Mass Index in Adolescents.Obesity science & practice · 2025Article
- Review
- Salivary Markers as Potential Stress Descriptors for Pediatric Dental Patients: A Literature Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Decoding Salivary ncRNAomes as Novel Biomarkers for Oral Cancer Detection and Prognosis.Non-coding RNA · 2025Review
- Brain connectivity correlates of the impact of a digital intervention for individuals with subjective cognitive decline on depression and IL-18.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Continuous Biosensing to Monitor Acute Systemic Inflammation, a Diagnostic Need for Therapeutic Guidance.ACS sensors · 2025Review
- Salivary Biomarkers of Inflammation in Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain.Biomarker insights · 2025Article
- The screening assessment of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines in saliva of patients with ischemic stroke.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Saliva Proteome, Metabolome and Microbiome Signatures for Detection of Alzheimer's Disease.Metabolites · 2024Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Researchers measure biomarkers as a reflection of patient health status or intervention outcomes. While blood is generally regarded as the best body fluid for evaluation of systemic processes, substitution of saliva samples for blood would be less invasive and more convenient. The concentration of specific biomarkers may differ between blood and saliva. The objective of this study was to compare multiple biomarkers (27 cytokines) in plasma samples, passive drool saliva samples, and filter paper saliva samples in 50 healthy adults. Demographic data and three samples were obtained from each subject: saliva collected on filter paper over 1 minute, saliva collected by passive drool over 30 seconds, and venous blood (3 mL) collected by venipuncture. Cytokines were assayed using Bio-Rad multiplex suspension array technology. Descriptive statistics and pairwise correlations were used for data analysis. The sample was 52% male and 74% white. Mean age was 26 (range = 19-63 years, sd = 9.7). The most consistent and highest correlations were between the passive drool and filter paper saliva samples, although relationships were dependent on the specific biomarker. Correlations were not robust enough to support substitution of one collection method for another. There was little correlation between the plasma and passive drool saliva samples. Caution should be used in substituting saliva for blood, and relationships differ by biomarker.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.