Trial reportGut2013
Kinetics of the histological, serological and symptomatic responses to gluten challenge in adults with coeliac disease.
Trial report in Gut, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 98 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Vedolizumab Induction May Prevent Celiac Enteritis After Gluten Challenge in Established Celiac Patients in Histological Remission
The Innate Response to and Changes in Intestinal Permeability 4 Hours After a Gluten Challenge in Subjects With Celiac Disease and Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Gastrointestinal and Extraintestinal Symptoms Among Subjects With Celiac Disease Undergoing a Dose-Specified Gluten Challenge: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- European Society for the Study of Coeliac Disease 2025 Updated Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Coeliac Disease in Adults. Part 1: Diagnostic Approach.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025Guideline
- Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis on the Relationship between Different Gluten Doses and Risk of Coeliac Disease Relapse.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Tests for Serum Transglutaminase and Endomysial Antibodies Do Not Detect Most Patients With Celiac Disease and Persistent Villous Atrophy on Gluten-free Diets: a Meta-analysis.Gastroenterology · 2017Pooled it
- Gliadin-Specific T-Cells Mobilized in the Peripheral Blood of Coeliac Patients by Short Oral Gluten Challenge: Clinical Applications.Nutrients · 2015Pooled it
- Guideline
- ACG clinical guidelines: diagnosis and management of celiac disease.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2013Guideline
- Evaluating Responses to Gluten Challenge: A Randomized, Double-Blind, 2-Dose Gluten Challenge Trial.Gastroenterology · 2021Trial
- Gluten-Free Diet in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Randomized, Controlled, Single-Blinded Trial.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2020Trial
- Larazotide acetate for persistent symptoms of celiac disease despite a gluten-free diet: a randomized controlled trial.Gastroenterology · 2015Trial
- Consumption of gluten with gluten-degrading enzyme by celiac patients: a pilot-study.World journal of gastroenterology · 2013Trial
- Dietary gluten triggers concomitant activation of CD4+ and CD8+ αβ T cells and γδ T cells in celiac disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Trial
- A laboratory test to detect gliadin-specific CD4Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2025Article
- Challenges in the Pediatric Celiac Disease Diagnosis: An Up-to-Date Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Navigating the crossroads: exploring the intersection of celiac disease and Budd-Chiari syndrome - insights, challenges, and management strategies.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Celiac Disease and Gluten Cross-Contact: How Much is too Much?Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Intestinal celiac disease - related autoantibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Gluten-Free Diet Adherence Evaluation in Adults with Long-Standing Celiac Disease.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Yield of Gluten Challenge in Patients on Self-Prescribed Gluten-Free Diets.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Article
- Tolerance-inducing therapies in coeliac disease - mechanisms, progress and future directions.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveCoeliac disease is defined by gluten responsiveness, yet there are few data on gluten challenge (GC) in adults on a gluten-free diet. Lack of data regarding the kinetics of responses to gluten is a limitation in clinical practice and research when GC is performed.
design20 adults with biopsy-proven coeliac disease participated. The study included two run-in visits followed by a 14-day GC at a randomly assigned dose of 3 or 7.5 g of gluten/day. Study visits occurred 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after starting GC. Duodenal biopsy was performed during the run-in and at days 3 and 14 of GC. Villous height to crypt depth ratio (Vh:Cd) and intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) count/100 enterocytes were measured by two pathologists. Antibodies to tissue transglutaminase and deamidated gliadin peptides, lactulose to mannitol ratio (LAMA) and symptoms were assessed at each visit.
resultsSignificant reduction in Vh:Cd (2.2-1.1, p<0.001) and increase in IELs (32.6-51.8, p<0.001) were seen from baseline to day 14. Antibody titres increased slightly from baseline to day 14 of GC but markedly by day 28. LAMA did not change significantly. Gastrointestinal symptoms increased significantly by day 3 and returned to baseline by day 28. No differences were seen between the two gluten doses.
conclusions14 day GC at ≥ 3 g of gluten/day induces histological and serological changes in the majority of adults with coeliac disease. These data permit accurate design of clinical trials and indicate that many individuals will meet coeliac diagnostic criteria after a 2-week GC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.