Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22618570›Full record

ReviewThe oncologist2012

Diagnosis and management of hyponatremia in cancer patients.

Jorge J Castillo, Marc Vincent, Eric Justice

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The oncologist, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
11.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 233 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Small Cell Lung Cancer, Version 2.2022, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2021
    Guideline
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Small cell lung cancer.Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN · 2013
    Guideline
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Hyponatremia risk with antidepressant use: A retrospective study.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2026
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jorge J CastilloThe Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Avenue, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA. jcastillo@lifespan.org
Marc Vincent
Eric Justice
Bioscience Research · USBrown University · USOtsuka Pharmaceutical (Spain) · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hyponatremia, a common electrolyte abnormality in oncology practice, may be a negative prognostic factor in cancer patients based on a systematic analysis of published studies. The largest body of evidence comes from small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), for which hyponatremia was identified as an independent risk factor for poor outcome in six of 13 studies. Hyponatremia in the cancer patient is usually caused by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), which develops more frequently with SCLC than with other malignancies. SIADH may be driven by ectopic production of arginine vasopressin (AVP) by tumors or by effects of anticancer and palliative medications on AVP production or action. Other factors may cause hypovolemic hyponatremia, including diarrhea and vomiting caused by cancer therapy. Hyponatremia may be detected on routine laboratory testing before or during cancer treatment or may be suggested by the presence of mostly neurological symptoms. Treatment depends on several factors, including symptom severity, onset timing, and extracellular volume status. Appropriate diagnosis is important because treatment differs by etiology, and choosing the wrong approach can worsen the electrolyte abnormality. When hyponatremia is caused by SIADH, hypertonic saline is indicated for acute, symptomatic cases, whereas fluid restriction is recommended to achieve a slower rate of correction for chronic asymptomatic hyponatremia. Pharmacological therapy may be necessary when fluid restriction is insufficient. The orally active, selective AVP receptor 2 (V(2))-receptor antagonist tolvaptan provides a mechanism-based option for correcting hyponatremia caused by SIADH or other conditions with inappropriate AVP elevations. By blocking AVP effects in the renal collecting duct, tolvaptan promotes aquaresis, leading to a controlled increase in serum sodium levels.

Indexed as

Disease ManagementAntidiuretic Hormone Receptor AntagonistsArginine VasopressinBenzazepinesHumansHyponatremiaHypovolemiaInappropriate ADH SyndromeNeoplasmsReceptors, VasopressinRisk FactorsSodiumTolvaptanAntidiuretic Hormone Receptor AntagonistsArginine VasopressinBenzazepinesReceptors, VasopressinSodiumTolvaptan

Identifiers

PMID22618570
PMCPMC3380874
OpenAlexW2164034075

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.