Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22617252›Full record

ArticleAnesthesiology2012

Gene expression in skin, muscle, and dorsal root ganglion after plantar incision in the rat.

Christina M Spofford, Timothy J Brennan

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Anesthesiology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor in Nociceptors Mediates Postoperative Analgesia via ASIC3 Inhibition.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
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  4. Myeloid-specific tristetraprolin mitigates postsurgical incisional pain by suppressing proinflammatory responses.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025
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  11. The mechanisms and management of persistent postsurgical pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  12. Longitudinal peripheral tissue RNA-Seq transcriptomic profiling, hyperalgesia, and wound healing in the rat plantar surgical incision model.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2021
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Christina M SpoffordDepartment of Anesthesia, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. christina-spofford@uiowa.edu
Timothy J Brennan
Marymount University · US

Funding

Interdisciplinary Training Program in Pain ResearchT32NS045549 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI KATHLEEN A SLUKA, Yuriy M Usachev · 2004 to 2026
$3.7M
Voltage gated sodium channels in acute post laminectomy painK08GM099081 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI SPOFFORD, CHRISTINA MARIE · 2011 to 2014
$490k
NIGMS NIH HHS K08 GM099081NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS045549
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTreating postoperative pain remains a significant challenge for perioperative medicine. Recent studies have shown that nerve growth factor is up-regulated and contributes to incisional pain. To date, few studies have examined expression of other neurotrophin-related mediators that may contribute to the development and/or maintenance of incisional pain.

methodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a plantar incision, and pain behaviors were examined (n = 6). In a separate group of rats, expression of neurotrophic factors were studied. At various times after incision (n = 4) or sham surgery (n = 4), the skin, muscle, and dorsal root ganglia were harvested and total RNA isolated. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed and the fold change in gene expression was analyzed using significance analysis of microarrays.

resultsSeveral genes were changed (P < 0.05) as early as 1 h after incision. Expression of artemin and nerve growth factor were increased in both incised skin and muscle. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-5 were all down-regulated in the skin but up-regulated in the muscle 48 h after incision. Few genes changed in the dorsal root ganglion. Most changes in expression occurred in the first 48 h after incision, a timeframe when pain behavior was the greatest.

conclusionSurgical incision is associated with pain-related gene expression changes in skin, muscle, and, to a lesser extent, dorsal root ganglion. The gene expression profile provides clues as to mediators that are involved in peripheral sensitization and pain transmission after surgical incision and also suggest mechanisms for resolution of postoperative pain when more persistent pain syndromes like neuropathic pain continue.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorGanglia, SpinalGene Expression RegulationGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorMaleMusclesNerve Growth FactorNeurotrophin 3Postoperative PainRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySkinBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic FactorNerve Growth FactorNeurotrophin 3

Identifiers

PMID22617252
PMCPMC3389501
OpenAlexW1999528312

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.