ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2012
Topographical and electrochemical nanoscale imaging of living cells using voltage-switching mode scanning electrochemical microscopy.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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37 citing papers in PubMed, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A Look inside a Flexible Open-Source Scanning Electrochemical Probe Microscope.ACS electrochemistry · 2026Article
- Super-resolution imaging with nanopipettes.Npj imaging · 2025Article
- Mechanotransduction Activates Microglia and Impairs Phagocytosis in Stiff Amyloid-β Plaques.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Transient Single Cell Hypoxia Induced by Localized Galvanostatic Oxygen Challenge.ACS measurement science au · 2025Article
- Highly spatial-temporal electrochemical profiling of molecules trafficking at a single mitochondrion in one living cell.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Electrochemical imaging of neurotransmitter release with fast-scan voltammetric ion conductance microscopy.Science advances · 2024Article
- Triple-function carbon-based CaAnalytica chimica acta · 2024Article
- Matrix stiffness-dependent microglia activation in response to inflammatory cues:Chemical science · 2023Article
- Can Single Cell Respiration be Measured by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)?ACS measurement science au · 2023Article
- Recent Applications and Future Perspectives of Chemiluminescent and Bioluminescent Imaging Technologies.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2023Review
- A Brief Review of In Situ and Operando Electrochemical Analysis of Bacteria by Scanning Probes.Biosensors · 2023Review
- Operando Scanning Electrochemical Probe Microscopy during Electrocatalysis.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Simultaneous Chemical Mapping of Live Biofilm Microenvironmental pH and Hydrogen Peroxide in Real Time with a Triple Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Tip.Analytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Charge Mapping ofAnalytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Investigating lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase-assisted wood cell wall degradation with microsensors.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Investigating the cytotoxic redox mechanism of PFOS within Hep G2 by hyperspectral-assisted scanning electrochemical microscopy.The Analyst · 2022Article
- A bio-pen for direct writing of single molecules on user-functionalized surfaces.Nanoscale advances · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
We describe voltage-switching mode scanning electrochemical microscopy (VSM-SECM), in which a single SECM tip electrode was used to acquire high-quality topographical and electrochemical images of living cells simultaneously. This was achieved by switching the applied voltage so as to change the faradaic current from a hindered diffusion feedback signal (for distance control and topographical imaging) to the electrochemical flux measurement of interest. This imaging method is robust, and a single nanoscale SECM electrode, which is simple to produce, is used for both topography and activity measurements. In order to minimize the delay at voltage switching, we used pyrolytic carbon nanoelectrodes with 6.5-100 nm radii that rapidly reached a steady-state current, typically in less than 20 ms for the largest electrodes and faster for smaller electrodes. In addition, these carbon nanoelectrodes are suitable for convoluted cell topography imaging because the RG value (ratio of overall probe diameter to active electrode diameter) is typically in the range of 1.5-3.0. We first evaluated the resolution of constant-current mode topography imaging using carbon nanoelectrodes. Next, we performed VSM-SECM measurements to visualize membrane proteins on A431 cells and to detect neurotransmitters from a PC12 cells. We also combined VSM-SECM with surface confocal microscopy to allow simultaneous fluorescence and topographical imaging. VSM-SECM opens up new opportunities in nanoscale chemical mapping at interfaces, and should find wide application in the physical and biological sciences.
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