ReviewThe Lancet. Neurology2012
Aquaporin 4 and neuromyelitis optica.
Review in The Lancet. Neurology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 280 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 583 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contribution of germline and somatic mutations to risk of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Cell genomics · 2025Pooled it
- The temporal relationship of paraneoplastic aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2023Pooled it
- The Role of Aquaporins in Epileptogenesis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Role of Neutrophils on the Ocular Surface.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Pregnancy-Related Attack in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder With AQP4-IgG: A Single-Center Study and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Different Targets of Monoclonal Antibodies in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: A Meta-Analysis Evidenced From Randomized Controlled Trials.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Pregnancy and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder - Reciprocal Effects and Practical Recommendations: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- Long-Term Ravulizumab Efficacy and Safety in AQP4 Antibody-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Final CHAMPION-NMOSD Results.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Trial
- ACSL4-mediated astrocyte ferroptosis augments neuroinflammation and exacerbates NMOSD pathology.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- Targeting C3aR/STAT3 signaling attenuates neuroinflammation and reverses neurological impairment in Neuromyelitis optica.Fundamental research · 2026Article
- Therapeutic Apheresis for Intravenous Methylprednisolone-Refractory Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Clinical and Radiological Outcomes in a Single-Center Case Series.Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the DTI-ALPS index in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study of its correlation with disease duration and disability.Neuroradiology · 2026Article
- Epithelial plasma membrane transporters as drug targets.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- Channel Dysfunction as the Basis for Comorbidities in Multiple Sclerosis and Depression.Archiv der Pharmazie · 2026Review
- Integrated Blood Inflammatory Ratios and Cerebrospinal Fluid Blood‒Brain Barrier Dysfunction Predict Relapse Risk in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- TRIM21 autoantibodies are associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction in a subgroup of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Rituximab Versus Inebilizumab in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Dual-Center, Real-World Cohort Study.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Satralizumab in a Pregnant NMOSD Patient With AQP4/MOG-IgG Dual Seropositive: A Case Report.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Complement Inhibition for Acute Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Attacks: Insights From an International Case Series.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- AQP4-IgG-Induced Astrocyte-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Carrying Mitochondrial DNA Regulate the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway to Drive Microglial Activation and Neuromyelitis Optica.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the CNS. The discovery of circulating IgG1 antibodies against the astrocyte water channel protein aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and the evidence that AQP4-IgG is involved in the development of neuromyelitis optica revolutionised our understanding of the disease. However, important unanswered questions remain--for example, we do not know the cause of AQP4-IgG-negative disease, how astrocyte damage causes demyelination, the role of T cells, why peripheral AQP4-expressing organs are undamaged, and how circulating AQP4-IgG enters neuromyelitis optica lesions. New drug candidates have emerged, such as aquaporumab (non-pathogenic antibody blocker of AQP4-IgG binding), sivelestat (neutrophil elastase inhibitor), and eculizumab (complement inhibitor). Despite rapid progress, randomised clinical trials to test new drugs will be challenging because of the small number of individuals with the disorder.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.