ArticleBMC public health2012
A national study of socioeconomic status and tuberculosis rates by country of birth, United States, 1996-2005.
Article in BMC public health, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed.
- Knowledge on tuberculosis and utilization of DOTS service by tuberculosis patients in Lalitpur District, Nepal.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Disparities in testing for latent tuberculosis infection in a large US integrated healthcare system.Public health · 2026Article
- From decline to rebound: a 25-year Joinpoint analysis of tuberculosis mortality in the United States, 1999-2023.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Cascade of care for the diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in an inner-city hospital prenatal clinic.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2025Article
- Popularity of HIV self-tests may say more about the state of our primary care system than about the device itself.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2024Article
- Advanced pulmonary tuberculosis in Alameda County: Ten-year incidence and risk factors.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Article
- Latent Tuberculosis Screening Among New Users of a Biologic or Targeted Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug: Gaps in Screening Overall and Among Janus Kinase Inhibitors.Arthritis care & research · 2024Article
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis Notification Rate Within Shenzhen, China, 2010-2019: Spatial-Temporal Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Increased active pulmonary tuberculosis risk from sharing bong of cannabis: a case-control study from Thailand.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Lower socioeconomic status associated with higher tuberculosis rate in South Korea.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Area-Based Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Latent Tuberculosis Infection in a Low-Prevalence Setting.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- Association of Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures with Tuberculosis Incidence in California.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2023Article
- Geographic patterns and hotspots of pediatric tuberculosis: the role of socioeconomic determinants.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2023Article
- Evaluation of a Geographic Screening Protocol for Chronic Parasitic Infections Before Kidney Transplant: An Institutional Experience in Minnesota.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
- Intra-urban variation in tuberculosis and community socioeconomic deprivation in Lisbon metropolitan area: a Bayesian approach.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2022Article
- Tuberculosis and Migrant Pathways in an Urban Setting: A Mixed-Method Case Study on a Treatment Centre in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, Portugal.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Social Disparities in Benign Lung Diseases.Thoracic surgery clinics · 2022Article
- Making the invisible visible: the current face of tuberculosis in Detroit, Michigan, USA.Cities & health · 2022Article
- Health insurance, healthcare utilization and language use among populations who experience risk for tuberculosis, California 2014-2017.PloS one · 2022Article
- Are regions equal in adversity? A spatial analysis of spread and dynamics of COVID-19 in Europe.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTuberculosis (TB) in developed countries has historically been associated with poverty and low socioeconomic status (SES). In the past quarter century, TB in the United States has changed from primarily a disease of native-born to primarily a disease of foreign-born persons, who accounted for more than 60% of newly-diagnosed TB cases in 2010. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of SES with rates of TB in U.S.-born and foreign-born persons in the United States, overall and for the five most common foreign countries of origin.
methodsNational TB surveillance data for 1996-2005 was linked with ZIP Code-level measures of SES (crowding, unemployment, education, and income) from U.S. Census 2000. ZIP Codes were grouped into quartiles from low SES to high SES and TB rates were calculated for foreign-born and U.S.-born populations in each quartile.
resultsTB rates were highest in the quartiles with low SES for both U.S.-born and foreign-born populations. However, while TB rates increased five-fold or more from the two highest to the two lowest SES quartiles among the U.S.-born, they increased only by a factor of 1.3 among the foreign-born.
conclusionsLow SES is only weakly associated with TB among foreign-born persons in the United States. The traditional associations of TB with poverty are not sufficient to explain the epidemiology of TB among foreign-born persons in this country and perhaps in other developed countries. TB outreach and research efforts that focus only on low SES will miss an important segment of the foreign-born population.
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