ReviewBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2012
Prescribing without evidence - pregnancy.
Review in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestation-Specific Changes in the Anatomy and Physiology of Healthy Pregnant Women: An Extended Repository of Model Parameters for Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Pregnancy.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2017Pooled it
- Unintended Pregnancies and Breastfeeding Studies during Central Nervous System Drug Development: How Are they Handled, Is There Room for Improvement?: Maintaining the Gap: Pregnancy and Breastfeeding in CNS Clinical Trials.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Obstetric Pharmacoethics: An ethical framework for obstetric pharmacology.European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology · 2026Article
- Neonatal Outcomes Following Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Use During Pregnancy.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Periconceptional GLP-1 receptor agonist exposure and obstetric outcomes: a Danish nationwide cohort study.Human reproduction open · 2026Article
- Perceptions on the use of medicines, vaccines, and alternative medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding: Population-based survey in Catalonia, Spain.European journal of midwifery · 2026Article
- A User-Driven Framework for Dose Selection in Pregnancy: Proof of Concept for Sertraline.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Pharmacovigilance Strategies to Address Resistance to Antibiotics and Inappropriate Use-A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Racial/Ethnic Differences in Prenatal Supplement and Medication Use in Low-Risk Pregnant Women.American journal of perinatology · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz 600 mg Once Daily During Pregnancy and Post Partum in Ghanaian Women Living With HIV.Clinical therapeutics · 2020Article
- Social Media Surveillance of Multiple Sclerosis Medications Used During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Content Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Article
- Aim and Design of pREGnant, the Dutch Pregnancy Drug Register.Drug safety · 2019Article
- Prescribing antibiotics when the stakes are higher - do GPs prescribe less when patients are pregnant? A retrospective observational study.BJGP open · 2018Article
- Pharmacokinetics of drugs in pregnancy.Seminars in perinatology · 2015Review
- Assessing the information in the Summaries of Product Characteristics for the use of medicines in pregnancy and lactation.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2015Article
- Basic obstetric pharmacology.Seminars in perinatology · 2014Review
- The science of prescribing.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2012Article
- Patterns of prescription drugs use among pregnant women at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Family and Community Medicine Clinic, Oman.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciencesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Prescribing of medicines during pregnancy is common, and for some groups of women is essential for maintaining maternal and therefore fetal health. Pregnant women and prescribers are rightly concerned, however, about the potential adverse fetal effects of medicines. These may include fetal death or stillbirth, congenital malformations, developmental impairment, neonatal effects or late carcinogenesis. It is therefore essential that the risks and benefits for mother and fetus are considered carefully before prescribing in pregnancy. This is often challenging because of the paucity of information available. To complicate the issue further, drug pharmacokinetics are commonly altered in pregnancy, potentially affecting optimal dosing as well as interpretation of plasma concentration measurements, with specific information on individual drugs seldom available. Most drugs cross the placenta, especially lipophilic drugs and those with low plasma protein binding. Active membrane transporters also have an important role in enhancing or preventing drug transfer, although this is not yet clearly understood. Animal studies have limited applicability to humans because of species-specific effects, and clinical trials in pregnancy are only undertaken in special circumstances. Prescribers therefore need to rely on observational studies of fetal outcomes following drug exposure in human pregnancy. These often involve limited numbers, and data are also subject to confounding and bias, making interpretation difficult. It therefore remains essential that appropriate mechanisms for systematic data collection, including congenital malformation registries, teratology information services, pregnancy registers and linked population registries, are maintained and enhanced to increase the amount and quality of information available.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.