ArticleBMC genomics2012
Comparative genome analysis of central nitrogen metabolism and its control by GlnR in the class Bacilli.
Article in BMC genomics, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- A c-di-AMP-controlled glutamine synthesis pathway promotes persistence ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Bacillaceae in Probiotics and Postbiotics: Applications, Functional Traits, Mechanisms and Outlook.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Variation in phylogenetic tendencies of contiguous riboswitches.Microbial genomics · 2025Article
- GlnR positively affects the acid resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Glutamine synthetase and GlnR regulate nitrogen metabolism inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Genome-wide mapping of GlnR-binding sites reveals the global regulatory role of GlnR in controlling the metabolism of nitrogen and carbon in Paenibacillus polymyxa WLY78.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Polyamine and Ethanolamine Metabolism in Bacteria as an Important Component of Nitrogen Assimilation for Survival and Pathogenicity.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Molecular dissection of the glutamine synthetase-GlnR nitrogen regulatory circuitry in Gram-positive bacteria.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Molecular Responses of Lactobacilli to Plant Phenolic Compounds: A Comparative Review of the Mechanisms Involved.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Microbial single-cell RNA sequencing by split-pool barcoding.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2021Article
- Role of GlnR in Controlling Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Genes inJournal of bacteriology · 2020Article
- GlnR Negatively Regulates Glutamate-Dependent Acid Resistance in Lactobacillus brevis.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Bacillus velezensis LG37: transcriptome profiling and functional verification of GlnK and MnrA in ammonia assimilation.BMC genomics · 2020Article
- Review
- Positive and negative regulation of transferred nif genes mediated by indigenous GlnR in Gram-positive Paenibacillus polymyxa.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- Revisiting the in vivo GlnR-binding sites at the genome scale in Bacillus subtilis.BMC research notes · 2017Article
- L-glutamine Induces Expression of Listeria monocytogenes Virulence Genes.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- A Bayesian inference method for the analysis of transcriptional regulatory networks in metagenomic data.Algorithms for molecular biology : AMB · 2016Article
- The GlnR Regulon in Streptococcus mutans Is Differentially Regulated by GlnR and PmrA.PloS one · 2016Article
- Molecular adaptation of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 to gallic acid revealed by genome-scale transcriptomic signature and physiological analysis.Microbial cell factories · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe assimilation of nitrogen in bacteria is achieved through only a few metabolic conversions between alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamate and glutamine. The enzymes that catalyze these conversions are glutamine synthetase, glutaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine alpha-ketoglutarate aminotransferase. In low-GC Gram-positive bacteria the transcriptional control over the levels of the related enzymes is mediated by four regulators: GlnR, TnrA, GltC and CodY. We have analyzed the genomes of all species belonging to the taxonomic families Bacillaceae, Listeriaceae, Staphylococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Leuconostocaceae and Streptococcaceae to determine the diversity in central nitrogen metabolism and reconstructed the regulation by GlnR.
resultsAlthough we observed a substantial difference in the extent of central nitrogen metabolism in the various species, the basic GlnR regulon was remarkably constant and appeared not affected by the presence or absence of the other three main regulators. We found a conserved regulatory association of GlnR with glutamine synthetase (glnRA operon), and the transport of ammonium (amtB-glnK) and glutamine/glutamate (i.e. via glnQHMP, glnPHQ, gltT, alsT). In addition less-conserved associations were found with, for instance, glutamate dehydrogenase in Streptococcaceae, purine catabolism and the reduction of nitrite in Bacillaceae, and aspartate/asparagine deamination in Lactobacillaceae.
conclusionsOur analyses imply GlnR-mediated regulation in constraining the import of ammonia/amino-containing compounds and the production of intracellular ammonia under conditions of high nitrogen availability. Such a role fits with the intrinsic need for tight control of ammonia levels to limit futile cycling.
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