Evidence map›Paper›PMID 22606254›Full record

ArticlePloS one2012

A linear framework for time-scale separation in nonlinear biochemical systems.

Jeremy Gunawardena

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 62 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. The Trajectory Statistics of Biological Exploratory Dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  9. Emergence of activation or repression in transcriptional control under a fixed molecular context.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Flexibility and sensitivity in gene regulation out of equilibrium.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  15. Seeing with an extra sense.Current biology : CB · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The Hill function is the universal Hopfield barrier for sharpness of input-output responses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article

2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Jeremy GunawardenaDepartment of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America. jeremy@hms.harvard.edu

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cellular physiology is implemented by formidably complex biochemical systems with highly nonlinear dynamics, presenting a challenge for both experiment and theory. Time-scale separation has been one of the few theoretical methods for distilling general principles from such complexity. It has provided essential insights in areas such as enzyme kinetics, allosteric enzymes, G-protein coupled receptors, ion channels, gene regulation and post-translational modification. In each case, internal molecular complexity has been eliminated, leading to rational algebraic expressions among the remaining components. This has yielded familiar formulas such as those of Michaelis-Menten in enzyme kinetics, Monod-Wyman-Changeux in allostery and Ackers-Johnson-Shea in gene regulation. Here we show that these calculations are all instances of a single graph-theoretic framework. Despite the biochemical nonlinearity to which it is applied, this framework is entirely linear, yet requires no approximation. We show that elimination of internal complexity is feasible when the relevant graph is strongly connected. The framework provides a new methodology with the potential to subdue combinatorial explosion at the molecular level.

Indexed as

Models, BiologicalNonlinear DynamicsAllosteric RegulationAnimalsEnzymesGene Expression Regulation, BacterialHumansKineticsLigand-Gated Ion ChannelsMetabolic Networks and PathwaysProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalReceptors, G-Protein-CoupledSystems BiologyEnzymesLigand-Gated Ion ChannelsReceptors, G-Protein-Coupled

Identifiers

PMID22606254
PMCPMC3351455

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.