ReviewThe international journal of biochemistry & cell biology2012
Association of HLA-alleles with the immune regulation of chronic viral infections.
Review in The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systemic review of T-cell epitopes defined from the proteome of SARS-CoV-2.Virus research · 2023Pooled it
- Single-cell analysis reveals immune remodeling of monocytes, NK cells, T cell exhaustion, and Galectin-9-associated depletion of gamma delta and mucosal-associated invariant T cells in Long COVID with ME/CFS.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Galectin-3 regulates erythropoiesis and enhances the immunoregulatory properties of CD71+ erythroid cells across developmental stages.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2025Article
- Polyfunctional CD8Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Real-world of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in mitigation of acute experimental colitis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- The Role of Coinhibitory Receptors in B Cell Dysregulation in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Individuals with Severe Disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- Immunological responses in SARS-CoV-2 and HIV co-infection versus SARS-CoV-2 mono-infection: case report of the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and HIV.Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2023Article
- Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 isolates, namely the Wuhan strain, Delta variant, and Omicron variant, identifies differential immune profiles.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- CD71Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Article
- CD4 T-Cell Subsets and the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Galectin-9 promotes natural killer cells activityFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- A Systematic Review of T Cell Epitopes Defined from the Proteome of Hepatitis B Virus.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Screening and Identification of HBV Epitopes Restricted by Multiple Prevalent HLA-A Allotypes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Screening HLA-A-restricted T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 and the induction of CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Article
- Relevance between COVID-19 and host genetics of immune response.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Review
- Neutrophils promote T-cell activation through the regulated release of CD44-bound Galectin-9 from the cell surface during HIV infection.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- Article
- Differential Signature of the Microbiome and Neutrophils in the Oral Cavity of HIV-Infected Individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Differential transcriptional and functional properties of regulatory T cells in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy and long-term non-progressors.Clinical & translational immunology · 2021Article
- Galectin-9 expression defines exhausted T cells and impaired cytotoxic NK cells in patients with virus-associated solid tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTLs) have an astonishing ability to eliminate pathogen-infected cells. However, if uncontrolled, these CTLs could cause devastating pathology to host tissues. CD8(+) effector T cells, therefore, interact with antigen-presenting cells and other immune cells, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), to regulate further on-site expansion and differentiation of the effector cells. This ensures protection of the host with minimal bystander pathological consequences. During prolonged chronic infections CTLs, however, often lose effector function. Induction of multiple inhibitory pathways is emerging as a major regulator converting effector CTLs into exhausted CTLs during chronic viral infections such as HIV, HCV and HBV. The mechanisms involved in induction of exhaustion during chronic viral infections are the focus of this article. Blockade of inhibitory pathways could potentially restore functional capabilities to exhausted CTLs and represents a potential immune-based intervention in chronic viral infections.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.