ReviewViruses2012
Ready, set, fuse! The coronavirus spike protein and acquisition of fusion competence.
Review in Viruses, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
210 citing papers in PubMed, 349 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nicotine and cotinine enhance SARS-CoV-2 entry through distinct but complementary mechanisms in human respiratory epithelial cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Unveiling the structural spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 fusion by in situ cryo-ET.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Molecular characteristics of the immune escape of coronavirus PEDV under the pressure of vaccine immunity.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Quantitative IgG response to SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein in infected individuals strongly correlates with lung injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Docking heparan sulfate-based ligands as a promising inhibitor for SARS-CoV-2.Journal of molecular modeling · 2024Article
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- Article
- The HCoV-HKU1 N-Terminal Domain Binds a Wide Range of 9-ACS infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Isolation and characterization of a subtype G2c variant of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus that adapts well to cell culture.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Investigation of Transmission and Evolution of PEDV Variants and Co-Infections in Northeast China from 2011 to 2022.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
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- The HCoV-HKU1 N-terminal domain binds a wide range of 9-bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- A measles-vectored vaccine candidate expressing prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein brought to phase I/II clinical trials: protection of African green monkeys from COVID-19 disease.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Role of marine natural products in the development of antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2: potential and prospects.Marine life science & technology · 2024Review
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- Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of COVID 19.Current stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- Structural proteins of human coronaviruses: what makes them different?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- The KxGxYR and DxE motifs in the C-tail of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus membrane protein are crucial for infectious virus assembly.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Biophysical investigation of interactions between SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and neuropilin-1.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2023Article
- Host Cell Membrane Capture by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Fusion Intermediate.ACS central science · 2023Article
150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus-cell entry programs involve virus-cell membrane fusions mediated by viral spike (S) proteins. Coronavirus S proteins acquire membrane fusion competence by receptor interactions, proteolysis, and acidification in endosomes. This review describes our current understanding of the S proteins, their interactions with and their responses to these entry triggers. We focus on receptors and proteases in prompting entry and highlight the type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs) known to activate several virus fusion proteins. These and other proteases are essential cofactors permitting coronavirus infection, conceivably being in proximity to cell-surface receptors and thus poised to split entering spike proteins into the fragments that refold to mediate membrane fusion. The review concludes by noting how understanding of coronavirus entry informs antiviral therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.