Trial reportPloS one2012
Impact of low-level-viremia on HIV-1 drug-resistance evolution among antiretroviral treated-patients.
Trial report in PloS one, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Managing low-level HIV viraemia in antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sexually transmitted infections · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effectiveness of intensive adherence counselling in achieving an undetectable viral load among people on antiretroviral therapy with low-level viraemia in Uganda.HIV medicine · 2024Trial
- Characteristics and management of low-level viraemia in people living with HIV in a resource-limited setting: A multicentre retrospective study in Greece.HIV medicine · 2026Observational
- Impact of HIV-1 low-level viremia on virologic and immunologic failure during antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2023 in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- High frequency of HIV-1 drug resistance among individuals with persistent low-level viremia during first-line antiretroviral therapy in Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A Guide to the Evolving Clinical Landscape of Low-Level Viremia Among Persons with HIV in the Modern Treatment Era.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Management of low-level HIV viremia during antiretroviral therapy: Delphi consensus statement and appraisal of the evidence.Sexually transmitted infections · 2024Article
- Investigating rates and predictors of viral blips, low-level viraemia and virological failure in the Australian HIV observational database.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2024Article
- Retrospective longitudinal analysis of low-level viremia among HIV-1 infected adults on antiretroviral therapy in Kenya.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- Decentralization of viral load testing to improve HIV care and treatment cascade in rural Tanzania: observational study from the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Observational
- Influencing factors and adverse outcomes of virologic rebound states in anti-retroviral-treated individuals with HIV infection.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Review
- Virologic Failure Following Low-level Viremia and Viral Blips During Antiretroviral Therapy: Results From a European Multicenter Cohort.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Role of Proviral HIV-1 DNA Genotyping for People Living with HIV (PLWH) Who Had Low-Level Viremia While Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Hopes, joys and fears: Meaning and perceptions of viral load testing and low-level viraemia among people on antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: A qualitative study.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- HIV Virologic Failure among Patients with Persistent Low-Level Viremia in Nairobi, Kenya: It Is Time to Review the >1000 Virologic Failure Threshold.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- Clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma in HIV-infected patients.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Genotypic Resistance Testing of HIV-1 DNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Low-level viraemia among people living with HIV in Nigeria: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.The Lancet. Global health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDrug-resistance mutations (DRAM) are frequently selected in patients with virological failure defined as viral load (pVL) above 500 copies/ml (c/mL), but few resistance data are available at low-level viremia (LLV). Our objective was to determine the emergence and evolution of DRAM during LLV in HIV-1-infected patients while receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART).
methodsRetrospective analysis of patients presenting a LLV episode defined as pVL between 40 and 500 c/mL on at least 3 occasions during a 6-month period or longer while on the same ART. Resistance genotypic testing was performed at the onset and at the end of LLV period. Emerging DRAM was defined during LLV if never detected on baseline genotype or before.
results48 patients including 4 naive and 44 pretreated (median 9 years) presented a LLV episode with a median duration of 11 months. Current ART included 2NRTI (94%), ritonavir-boosted PI (94%), NNRTI (23%), and/or raltegravir (19%). Median pVL during LLV was 134 c/mL. Successful resistance testing at both onset and end of the LLV episode were obtained for 37 patients (77%), among who 11 (30%) acquired at least 1 DRAM during the LLV period: for NRTI in 6, for NNRTI in 1, for PI in 4, and for raltegravir in 2. During the LLV period, number of drugs with genotypic resistance increased from a median of 4.5 to 6 drugs. Duration and pVL level of LLV episode, duration of previous ART, current and nadir CD4 count, number of baseline DRAM and GSS were not identified as predictive factors of resistance acquisition during LLV, probably due to limited number of patients.
conclusionPersistent LLV episodes below 500 c/ml while receiving ART is associated with emerging DRAM for all drug classes and a decreasing in further therapeutic options, suggesting to earlier consider resistance monitoring and ART optimization in this setting.
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