ReviewLancet (London, England)2012
Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease: an emerging and neglected tropical disease in Africa.
Review in Lancet (London, England), 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 578 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
578 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,009 citations in OpenAlex.
- Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella infections in China (1961-2024): a retrospective systematic analysis of multicentre case reports.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and distribution of non-typhoidalEpidemiology and infection · 2023Pooled it
- Complications and mortality of non-typhoidal salmonella invasive disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Antibiotic-resistance in medically important bacteria isolated from commercial herbal medicines in Africa from 2000 to 2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2022Pooled it
- Safety and Immunogenicity of a Trivalent Salmonella Conjugate Vaccine to S. Typhi, S. Typhimurium, and S. Enteritidis.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- A combination typhoid and non-typhoidal Salmonella polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in healthy adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial.Nature medicine · 2025Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS)-GMMA vaccine: a first-in-human, randomised, dose escalation trial.EBioMedicine · 2025Trial
- Genomic Tracing of Transmission Dynamics in Invasive Non-typhoidal Salmonella Outbreaks.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- The miR-744-5p/connexin 43 axis modulates Salmonella-containing vacuole association with the Golgi network.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Salmonella in broiler breeder flocks in Israel during 2008-2018: Prevalence, risk factors and repeated detections.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Characterisation ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Invasive Non-typhoidalInfectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Disseminated multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin infection associated with plasmid-borne CMY-2 gene in a patient with travel to a farm in Mexico.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- First Case Report ofInfectious disease reports · 2026Article
- Prevalence, serotype diversity, and antibiotic resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella in East African poultry: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Pan genome clustering identifies a novel mosaic prophage specific to Salmonella Enteritidis lineage associated with the invasive disease in India.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunosuppression, resistance burden, and qSOFA on short-term prognosis and difficult clearance in hospitalized patients with Salmonella infection: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- SeaB is a conservedInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- An Unusual Presentation of Salmonella: Cellulitis, Gastroenteritis, and Bacteremia.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
518 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Invasive strains of non-typhoidal salmonellae have emerged as a prominent cause of bloodstream infection in African adults and children, with an associated case fatality of 20-25%. The clinical presentation of invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease in Africa is diverse: fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and respiratory symptoms are common, and features of enterocolitis are often absent. The most important risk factors are HIV infection in adults, and malaria, HIV, and malnutrition in children. A distinct genotype of Salmonella enterica var Typhimurium, ST313, has emerged as a new pathogenic clade in sub-Saharan Africa, and might have adapted to cause invasive disease in human beings. Multidrug-resistant ST313 has caused epidemics in several African countries, and has driven the use of expensive antimicrobial drugs in the poorest health services in the world. Studies of systemic cellular and humoral immune responses in adults infected with HIV have revealed key host immune defects contributing to invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease. This emerging pathogen might therefore have adapted to occupy an ecological and immunological niche provided by HIV, malaria, and malnutrition in Africa. A good understanding of the epidemiology of this neglected disease will open new avenues for development and implementation of vaccine and public health strategies to prevent infections and interrupt transmission.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.