ArticleInternational journal of pediatric endocrinology2012
Genetic factors associated with small for gestational age birth and the use of human growth hormone in treating the disorder.
Article in International journal of pediatric endocrinology, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Executive functions in everyday life in children born small for gestational age - a pilot study of pre-term to full-term children 3 years and younger.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Factors affecting growth hormone treatment in short stature children born small for gestational age in China: a single-centre, real-world study.Endocrine · 2024Article
- The Exon 3-Deleted Growth Hormone Receptor (d3GHR) Polymorphism-A Favorable Backdoor Mechanism for the GHR Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Increase of jump performance during GH treatment in short children born SGA.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Catch-Up Growth as a Risk Factor for Rapid Weight Gain, Earlier Menarche and Earlier Pubertal Growth Spurt in Girls Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)-A Longitudinal Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Antenatal and neonatal factors contributing to extra uterine growth failure (EUGR) among preterm infants in Boston Birth Cohort (BBC).Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2021Article
- The Impact of Gut Microbiome on Metabolic Disorders During Catch-Up Growth in Small-for-Gestational-Age.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Article
- Genetic Screening for Growth Hormone Therapy in Children Small for Gestational Age: So Much to Consider, Still Much to Discover.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Review
- Review
- The impact of anti-tobacco legislation on birth weight in Peru.Global health research and policy · 2020Article
- Article
- Diagnosis and management of growth disorders in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: Current procedures and key recommendations for best practice.International journal of pediatrics & adolescent medicine · 2016Review
- SGA Children in Pediatric Primary Care: What Is the Best Choice, Large or Small? A 10-Year Prospective Longitudinal Study.Global pediatric health · 2016Article
- Birth parameters and parental height predict growth outcome in children with chronic kidney disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2013Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The term small for gestational age (SGA) refers to infants whose birth weights and/or lengths are at least two standard deviation (SD) units less than the mean for gestational age. This condition affects approximately 3%-10% of newborns. Causes for SGA birth include environmental factors, placental factors such as abnormal uteroplacental blood flow, and inherited genetic mutations. In the past two decades, an enhanced understanding of genetics has identified several potential causes for SGA. These include mutations that affect the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 axis, including mutations in the IGF-1 gene and acid-labile subunit (ALS) deficiency. In addition, select polymorphisms observed in patients with SGA include those involved in genes associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and deletion of exon 3 growth hormone receptor (d3-GHR) polymorphism. Uniparental disomy (UPD) and imprinting effects may also underlie some of the phenotypes observed in SGA individuals. The variety of genetic mutations associated with SGA births helps explain the diversity of phenotype characteristics, such as impaired motor or mental development, present in individuals with this disorder. Predicting the effectiveness of recombinant human GH (hGH) therapy for each type of mutation remains challenging. Factors affecting response to hGH therapy include the dose and method of hGH administration as well as the age of initiation of hGH therapy. This article reviews the results of these studies and summarizes the success of hGH therapy in treating this difficult and genetically heterogenous disorder.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.