Trial reportCancer discovery2011
Combination epigenetic therapy has efficacy in patients with refractory advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Trial report in Cancer discovery, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 366 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase I/II Study of Entinostat in Combination With 5-Azacytidine in Patients With Recurrent Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Phase 1b/2a Safety and Immunogenicity of the DNMT Inhibitor Azacitidine During Anti-Tuberculosis Therapy
Who cites it
366 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 673 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combination therapy in combating cancer.Oncotarget · 2017Pooled it
- Entinostat in combination with nivolumab in metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a phase 2 clinical trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Repurposing Azacitidine and Carboplatin to Prime Immune Checkpoint Blockade-resistant Melanoma for Anti-PD-L1 Rechallenge.Cancer research communications · 2022Trial
- Phase Ib/II study of safety and efficacy of low-dose decitabine-primed chemoimmunotherapy in patients with drug-resistant relapsed/refractory alimentary tract cancer.International journal of cancer · 2018Trial
- Phase I Study of CC-486 Alone and in Combination with Carboplatin or nab-Paclitaxel in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018Trial
- Immunomodulation by Entinostat in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving High-Dose Interleukin 2: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase I/II Trial (NCI-CTEP#7870).Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Trial
- Combination Epigenetic Therapy in Advanced Breast Cancer with 5-Azacitidine and Entinostat: A Phase II National Cancer Institute/Stand Up to Cancer Study.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Molecular pathways linking the gut microbiome to antitumor immunity.Trends in microbiology · 2026Review
- Deacetylase inhibitors CM-444 and CM-1758 enhance chemotherapy response in AML via ALOX5.British journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Transforming tumor microenvironments: nanotechnology and gene therapy in cellular signaling and epigenetic insight into chemo-resistance.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Precision Medicine in Treating Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review on Treatments Targeting Oncogenic Genetic Mutations.Cureus · 2026Review
- Methylated circulating tumor DNA: technical challenges and clinical applications in non-small cell lung cancer patients-a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- Review
- The Fas-FasL system: from apoptosis regulator to therapeutic target in autoimmunity, cancer, and transplantation.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- DNA methyltransferase inhibitors in hematological malignancies and solid tumors.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Beyond immune surveillance: IFN-γ and PD-L1 as shapers of tumor plasticity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic plasticity and chemoresistance in cancer: mechanisms, biomarkers, and translational opportunities for real-world evidence.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Spray-Drying Process Optimization and Modeling for an Inhaled Dry Powder of 5-Azacytidine for Treating Local and Metastatic Lung Cancer.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Short-term outcomes and mortality in older patients with breast cancer at a single tertiary center.Surgery in practice and science · 2025Article
306 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
19 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
unlabelledEpigenetic alterations are strongly associated with the development of cancer. We conducted a phase I/II trial of combined epigenetic therapy with azacitidine and entinostat, inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, respectively, in extensively pretreated patients with recurrent metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. This therapy is well tolerated, and objective responses were observed, including a complete response and a partial response in a patient who remains alive and without disease progression approximately 2 years after completing protocol therapy. Median survival in the entire cohort was 6.4 months (95% CI 3.8-9.2), comparing favorably with existing therapeutic options. Demethylation of a set of 4 epigenetically silenced genes known to be associated with lung cancer was detectable in serial blood samples in these patients and was associated with improved progression-free (P = 0.034) and overall survival (P = 0.035). Four of 19 patients had major objective responses to subsequent anticancer therapies given immediately after epigenetic therapy. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that combined epigenetic therapy with low-dose azacitidine and entinostat results in objective, durable responses in patients with solid tumors and defines a blood-based biomarker that correlates with clinical benefit.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.